使用win32serviceutil的公认答案是可行的，但它很复杂，使调试和更改更加困难。使用NSSM(非吸吮服务管理器)要容易得多。你编写并轻松调试一个普通的python程序，当它最终工作时，你使用NSSM在不到一分钟的时间内将其安装为服务:

在一个提升的(管理)命令提示符中，运行nssm.exe安装NameOfYourService并填写以下选项:

path:(python.exe的路径，例如C:\Python27\ python.exe) 参数:(python脚本的路径，例如c:\path\to\program.py)

顺便说一下，如果您的程序打印了想要保存在日志文件中的有用消息，那么NSSM也可以为您处理这个问题。

https://www.chrisumbel.com/article/windows_services_in_python

跟踪PySvc.py 更改DLL文件夹

我知道这很旧了，但我一直都困在这上面。对我来说，这个特定的问题是通过复制这个文件pywintypes36.dll解决的

号码

To -> Python36\Lib\site-packages\win32

setx /M PATH "%PATH%;C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32;C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\Scripts;C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32;C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\Lib\site-packages\win32

将路径更改为python文件夹

cd C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\ Python38-32

NET START PySvc NET STOP PySvc

我开始使用pywin32作为服务托管。

一切都很好，但我遇到了一个问题，即服务无法在系统启动时的30秒内启动(Windows的默认超时)。这对我来说至关重要，因为Windows启动是在一台物理机上托管的多个虚拟机上同时进行的，IO负载非常大。 错误消息包括:

错误1053:服务没有及时响应启动或控制请求。

错误7009:等待<ServiceName>服务连接的超时(30000毫秒)。

我与pywin进行了大量的斗争，但最终使用了这个答案中提出的NSSM。移居到那里很容易。

是的，你可以。我使用ActivePython附带的pythoncom库，或者可以使用pywin32 (Python for Windows扩展)安装。

这是一个简单服务的基本框架:

import win32serviceutil
import win32service
import win32event
import servicemanager
import socket


class AppServerSvc (win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
    _svc_name_ = "TestService"
    _svc_display_name_ = "Test Service"

    def __init__(self,args):
        win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self,args)
        self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None,0,0,None)
        socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)

    def SvcStop(self):
        self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
        win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)

    def SvcDoRun(self):
        servicemanager.LogMsg(servicemanager.EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE,
                              servicemanager.PYS_SERVICE_STARTED,
                              (self._svc_name_,''))
        self.main()

    def main(self):
        pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
    win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(AppServerSvc)

您的代码将在main()方法中运行——通常带有某种无限循环，检查SvcStop方法中设置的标志可能会中断这种循环

这个答案是从StackOverflow上的几个来源抄袭的——上面大部分都是，但我已经忘记了其他的——对不起。它很简单，脚本可以“按原样”运行。对于发布，您测试脚本，然后将其复制到服务器并停止/启动相关的服务。它应该适用于所有脚本语言(Python, Perl, node.js)，加上批处理脚本，如GitBash, PowerShell，甚至旧的DOS bat脚本。 pyGlue是位于Windows服务和脚本之间的胶水。

'''
A script to create a Windows Service, which, when started, will run an executable with the specified parameters.
Optionally, you can also specify a startup directory

To use this script you MUST define (in class Service)
1. A name for your service (short - preferably no spaces)
2. A display name for your service (the name visibile in Windows Services)
3. A description for your service (long details visible when you inspect the service in Windows Services)
4. The full path of the executable (usually C:/Python38/python.exe or C:WINDOWS/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe
5. The script which Python or PowerShell will run(or specify None if your executable is standalone - in which case you don't need pyGlue)
6. The startup directory (or specify None)
7. Any parameters for your script (or for your executable if you have no script)

NOTE: This does not make a portable script.
The associated '_svc_name.exe' in the dist folder will only work if the executable,
(and any optional startup directory) actually exist in those locations on the target system

Usage: 'pyGlue.exe [options] install|update|remove|start [...]|stop|restart [...]|debug [...]'
Options for 'install' and 'update' commands only:
        --username domain\\username : The Username the service is to run under
        --password password : The password for the username
        --startup [manual|auto|disabled|delayed] : How the service starts, default = manual
        --interactive : Allow the service to interact with the desktop.
        --perfmonini file: .ini file to use for registering performance monitor data
        --perfmondll file: .dll file to use when querying the service for performance data, default = perfmondata.dll
Options for 'start' and 'stop' commands only:
        --wait seconds: Wait for the service to actually start or stop.
                If you specify --wait with the 'stop' option, the service and all dependent services will be stopped,
                each waiting the specified period.
'''

# Import all the modules that make life easy
import servicemanager
import socket
import sys
import win32event
import win32service
import win32serviceutil
import win32evtlogutil
import os
from logging import Formatter, Handler
import logging
import subprocess


# Define the win32api class
class Service (win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
        # The following variable are edited by the build.sh script
        _svc_name_ = "TestService"
        _svc_display_name_ = "Test Service"
        _svc_description_ = "Test Running Python Scripts as a Service"
        service_exe = 'c:/Python27/python.exe'
        service_script = None
        service_params = []
        service_startDir = None

        # Initialize the service
        def __init__(self, args):
                win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
                self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
                self.configure_logging()
                socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)

        # Configure logging to the WINDOWS Event logs
        def configure_logging(self):
                self.formatter = Formatter('%(message)s')
                self.handler = logHandler()
                self.handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
                self.logger = logging.getLogger()
                self.logger.addHandler(self.handler)
                self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

        # Stop the service
        def SvcStop(self):
                self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
                win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)

        # Run the service
        def SvcDoRun(self):
                self.main()

        # This is the service
        def main(self):

                # Log that we are starting
                servicemanager.LogMsg(servicemanager.EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, servicemanager.PYS_SERVICE_STARTED,
                                                          (self._svc_name_, ''))

                # Fire off the real process that does the real work
                logging.info('%s - about to call Popen() to run %s %s %s', self._svc_name_, self.service_exe, self.service_script, self.service_params)
                self.process = subprocess.Popen([self.service_exe, self.service_script] + self.service_params, shell=False, cwd=self.service_startDir)
                logging.info('%s - started process %d', self._svc_name_, self.process.pid)

                # Wait until WINDOWS kills us - retrigger the wait for stop every 60 seconds
                rc = None
                while rc != win32event.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
                        rc = win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.hWaitStop, (1 * 60 * 1000))

                # Shut down the real process and exit
                logging.info('%s - is terminating process %d', self._svc_name_, self.process.pid)
                self.process.terminate()
                logging.info('%s - is exiting', self._svc_name_)


class logHandler(Handler):
        '''
Emit a log record to the WINDOWS Event log
        '''

        def emit(self, record):
                servicemanager.LogInfoMsg(record.getMessage())


# The main code
if __name__ == '__main__':
        '''
Create a Windows Service, which, when started, will run an executable with the specified parameters.
        '''

        # Check that configuration contains valid values just in case this service has accidentally
        # been moved to a server where things are in different places
        if not os.path.isfile(Service.service_exe):
                print('Executable file({!s}) does not exist'.format(Service.service_exe), file=sys.stderr)
                sys.exit(0)
        if not os.access(Service.service_exe, os.X_OK):
                print('Executable file({!s}) is not executable'.format(Service.service_exe), file=sys.stderr)
                sys.exit(0)
        # Check that any optional startup directory exists
        if (Service.service_startDir is not None) and (not os.path.isdir(Service.service_startDir)):
                print('Start up directory({!s}) does not exist'.format(Service.service_startDir), file=sys.stderr)
                sys.exit(0)

        if len(sys.argv) == 1:
                servicemanager.Initialize()
                servicemanager.PrepareToHostSingle(Service)
                servicemanager.StartServiceCtrlDispatcher()
        else:
                # install/update/remove/start/stop/restart or debug the service
                # One of those command line options must be specified
                win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(Service)

现在有一些编辑，你不希望你所有的服务都叫“pyGlue”。所以有一个脚本(build.sh)来插入比特并创建一个自定义的“pyGlue”和创建一个“。exe”。就是这个“。exe”被安装为Windows服务。安装后，您可以将其设置为自动运行。

#!/bin/sh
# This script build a Windows Service that will install/start/stop/remove a service that runs a script
# That is, executes Python to run a Python script, or PowerShell to run a PowerShell script, etc

if [ $# -lt 6 ]; then
        echo "Usage: build.sh Name Display Description Executable Script StartupDir [Params]..."
        exit 0
fi

name=$1
display=$2
desc=$3
exe=$4
script=$5
startDir=$6
shift; shift; shift; shift; shift; shift
params=
while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
        if [ "${params}" != "" ]; then
                params="${params}, "
        fi
        params="${params}'$1'"
        shift
done

cat pyGlue.py | sed -e "s/pyGlue/${name}/g" | \
        sed -e "/_svc_name_ =/s?=.*?= '${name}'?" | \
        sed -e "/_svc_display_name_ =/s?=.*?= '${display}'?" | \
        sed -e "/_svc_description_ =/s?=.*?= '${desc}'?" | \
        sed -e "/service_exe =/s?=.*?= '$exe'?" | \
        sed -e "/service_script =/s?=.*?= '$script'?" | \
        sed -e "/service_params =/s?=.*?= [${params}]?" | \
        sed -e "/service_startDir =/s?=.*?= '${startDir}'?" > ${name}.py

cxfreeze ${name}.py --include-modules=win32timezone

安装-复制'.exe'服务器和脚本到指定的文件夹。以管理员身份运行“。exe”，并选择“install”。以管理员身份打开Windows服务，并启动服务。若要升级，只需复制新版本的脚本并停止/启动服务。

现在每个服务器都是不同的——不同的Python安装，不同的文件夹结构。我为每个服务器维护一个文件夹，其中包含pyGlue.py和build.sh的副本。我创建了一个'serverBuild.sh'脚本，用于重建该服务器上的所有服务。

# A script to build all the script based Services on this PC
sh build.sh AutoCode 'AutoCode Medical Documents' 'Autocode Medical Documents to SNOMED_CT and AIHW codes' C:/Python38/python.exe autocode.py C:/Users/russell/Documents/autocoding -S -T

实际上，可以将任何Windows可执行文件安装为服务。

方法一:使用rktools.exe中的instsrv和srvany

对于Windows Home Server或Windows Server 2003(也适用于WinXP)， Windows Server 2003资源工具包工具附带了可以同时使用的实用程序，称为instsrv.exe和srvany.exe。有关如何使用这些util的详细信息，请参阅Microsoft KB文章KB137890。

对于Windows Home Server，这些实用程序有一个非常友好的包装，叫做“任何服务安装程序”。

方法二:使用ServiceInstaller for Windows NT

还有另一种替代方案，使用ServiceInstaller for Windows NT(可在这里下载)，并提供python指令。与名字相反，它也适用于Windows 2000和Windows XP。下面是一些关于如何将python脚本作为服务安装的说明。

Installing a Python script Run ServiceInstaller to create a new service. (In this example, it is assumed that python is installed at c:\python25) Service Name : PythonTest Display Name : PythonTest Startup : Manual (or whatever you like) Dependencies : (Leave blank or fill to fit your needs) Executable : c:\python25\python.exe Arguments : c:\path_to_your_python_script\test.py Working Directory : c:\path_to_your_python_script After installing, open the Control Panel's Services applet, select and start the PythonTest service.

在我最初的回答之后，我注意到SO上已经贴出了与之密切相关的问答。参见:

我可以将Python脚本作为服务运行吗(在Windows中)?如何?

如何让Windows知道我用Python编写的服务?