这就是我创造和更新的方式。

在我的模式中，我像这样添加了创建和更新:

   /**
     * Article Schema
     */
    var ArticleSchema = new Schema({
        created: {
            type: Date,
            default: Date.now
        },
        updated: {
            type: Date,
            default: Date.now
        },
        title: {
            type: String,
            default: '',
            trim: true,
            required: 'Title cannot be blank'
        },
        content: {
            type: String,
            default: '',
            trim: true
        },
        user: {
            type: Schema.ObjectId,
            ref: 'User'
        }
    });

然后在文章控制器内的文章更新方法中添加:

/**
     * Update a article
     */
    exports.update = function(req, res) {
        var article = req.article;

        article = _.extend(article, req.body);
        article.set("updated", Date.now());

        article.save(function(err) {
            if (err) {
                return res.status(400).send({
                    message: errorHandler.getErrorMessage(err)
                });
            } else {
                res.json(article);
            }
        });
    };

粗体部分是我们感兴趣的部分。

使用函数返回计算出的默认值:

var ItemSchema = new Schema({
    name: {
      type: String,
      required: true,
      trim: true
    },
    created_at: {
      type: Date,
      default: function(){
        return Date.now();
      }
    },
    updated_at: {
      type: Date,
      default: function(){
        return Date.now();
      }
    }
});

ItemSchema.pre('save', function(done) {
  this.updated_at = Date.now();
  done();
});

使用machinpack -datetime格式化日期时间。

tutorialSchema.virtual('createdOn').get(function () {
    const DateTime = require('machinepack-datetime');
    let timeAgoString = "";
    try {
        timeAgoString = DateTime.timeFrom({
            toWhen: DateTime.parse({
                datetime: this.createdAt
            }).execSync(),
            fromWhen: new Date().getTime()
        }).execSync();
    } catch(err) {
        console.log('error getting createdon', err);
    }
    return timeAgoString; // a second ago
});

Machine pack非常出色，具有清晰的API，不像express或一般的Javascript世界。

更新:(5年后)

Note: If you decide to use Kappa Architecture (Event Sourcing + CQRS), then you do not need updated date at all. Since your data is an immutable, append-only event log, you only ever need event created date. Similar to the Lambda Architecture, described below. Then your application state is a projection of the event log (derived data). If you receive a subsequent event about existing entity, then you'll use that event's created date as updated date for your entity. This is a commonly used (and commonly misunderstood) practice in miceroservice systems.

更新:(4年后)

如果你使用ObjectId作为你的_id字段(通常情况下)，那么你所需要做的就是:

let document = {
  updatedAt: new Date(),
}

查看下面我的原始答案，了解如何从_id字段获取创建的时间戳。 如果你需要使用外部系统的id，请检查Roman Rhrn Nesterov的答案。

更新:(2.5年后)

你现在可以在猫鼬>= 4.0版本中使用#时间戳选项。

let ItemSchema = new Schema({
  name: { type: String, required: true, trim: true }
},
{
  timestamps: true
});

如果设置了时间戳，猫鼬将createdAt和updatedAt字段分配给你的模式，分配的类型是Date。

你也可以指定时间戳字段的名称:

timestamps: { createdAt: 'created_at', updatedAt: 'updated_at' }

Note: If you are working on a big application with critical data you should reconsider updating your documents. I would advise you to work with immutable, append-only data (lambda architecture). What this means is that you only ever allow inserts. Updates and deletes should not be allowed! If you would like to "delete" a record, you could easily insert a new version of the document with some timestamp/version filed and then set a deleted field to true. Similarly if you want to update a document – you create a new one with the appropriate fields updated and the rest of the fields copied over.Then in order to query this document you would get the one with the newest timestamp or the highest version which is not "deleted" (the deleted field is undefined or false`). Data immutability ensures that your data is debuggable – you can trace the history of every document. You can also rollback to previous version of a document if something goes wrong. If you go with such an architecture ObjectId.getTimestamp() is all you need, and it is not Mongoose dependent.

最初的回答:

如果你使用ObjectId作为你的身份字段，你不需要created_at字段。ObjectIds有一个叫做getTimestamp()的方法。

ObjectId("507c7f79bcf86cd7994f6c0e").getTimestamp()

这将返回以下输出:

ISODate("2012-10-15T21:26:17Z")

更多信息在这里我如何提取一个Mongo ObjectID创建的日期

为了添加updated_at文件，你需要使用这个:

var ArticleSchema = new Schema({
  updated_at: { type: Date }
  // rest of the fields go here
});

ArticleSchema.pre('save', function(next) {
  this.updated_at = Date.now();
  next();
});

您可以使用猫鼬部队的时间戳插件将此行为添加到任何模式。

这就是我最后做的:

var ItemSchema = new Schema({
    name    : { type: String, required: true, trim: true }
  , created_at    : { type: Date }
  , updated_at    : { type: Date }
});


ItemSchema.pre('save', function(next){
  now = new Date();
  this.updated_at = now;
  if ( !this.created_at ) {
    this.created_at = now;
  }
  next();
});