我知道这个问题已经有好几年了，但我想提供一个答案，解释为什么而不是如何

主键的作用:在数据库中唯一地标识一行=>一行表示表建模的实体类型的单个实例。主键强制实体的完整性，即实体完整性。主键将是一个聚集索引，即它定义了数据在表中物理存储的顺序。

Purpose of Unique Key: Ok, with the Primary Key we have a way to uniquely identify a row. But I have a business need such that, another column/a set of columns should have unique values. Well, technically, given that this column(s) is unique, it can be a candidate to enforce entity integrity. But for all we know, this column can contain data originating from an external organization that I may have a doubt about being unique. I may not trust it to provide entity integrity. I just make it a unique key to fulfill my business requirement.

好了!

我知道这个问题已经有好几年了，但我想提供一个答案，解释为什么而不是如何

主键的作用:在数据库中唯一地标识一行=>一行表示表建模的实体类型的单个实例。主键强制实体的完整性，即实体完整性。主键将是一个聚集索引，即它定义了数据在表中物理存储的顺序。

Purpose of Unique Key: Ok, with the Primary Key we have a way to uniquely identify a row. But I have a business need such that, another column/a set of columns should have unique values. Well, technically, given that this column(s) is unique, it can be a candidate to enforce entity integrity. But for all we know, this column can contain data originating from an external organization that I may have a doubt about being unique. I may not trust it to provide entity integrity. I just make it a unique key to fulfill my business requirement.

好了!

Think the table name is employe. Primary key Primary key can not accept null values. primary key enforces uniqueness of a column. We can have only one Primary key in a table. Unique key Unique key can accept null values. unique key also enforces uniqueness of a column.you can think if unique key contains null values then why it can be unique ? yes, though it can accept null values it enforces uniqueness of a column. just have a look on the picture.here Emp_ID is primary and Citizen ID is unique. Hope you understand. We can use multiple unique key in a table.

主键的主要特征是:

它必须为每一行数据包含一个惟一的值。 不能包含空值。 一个表中只能有一个主键。

唯一键的主要特征是:

它还可以为每一行数据包含一个惟一的值。

它也可以包含空值。

一个表中有多个唯一键。

简单的主键是唯一的，不能为空，唯一的可以为空，也可以不是唯一的。

主键必须唯一。

唯一键不一定是主键-请参阅候选键。

也就是说，一个表上可能有多个列的组合可以唯一地标识一行——其中只有一个可以被选择为主键。其他键虽然是唯一的，但都是候选键。