尝试在SQL Server的全文索引中使用“Tesarus搜索”。如果您有数百万条记录，这比在搜索中使用“%”要好得多。Tesarus的内存消耗比其他的小。

尝试搜索这个函数:)

如果你只是想找到匹配。

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR('word1 word2 word3', Column1)<>0

SQL服务器:

CHARINDEX(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3', 1)<>0

得到精确匹配。例子:(ab;;;交流;,;b)将不会匹配。

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR(';word1;word2;word3;', ';'||Column1||';')<>0

如果你正在使用Oracle数据库，那么你可以使用包含查询来实现这一点。包含查询比同类查询快。

如果你需要所有的单词

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 and word2 and word3', 1) > 0

如果你需要什么词的话

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 or word2 or word3', 1) > 0

包含列上CONTEXT类型的需要索引。

CREATE INDEX SEARCH_IDX ON MyTable(Column) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT

最好的方法是在表中的列上创建全文索引 用contains代替LIKE

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE 
contains(Column1, N'word1')
AND contains(Column1, N'word2')
AND contains(Column1, N'word3')

MySQL:

配套功能

-- Split @str by @sep
-- Returns all parts
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (
  @sep CHAR(1),
  @str VARCHAR(512)
) RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN (
  WITH Pieces(pn, start, stop) AS (
    SELECT
      1,
      1,
      CHARINDEX(@sep, @str)
    UNION ALL
    SELECT
      pn + 1,
      stop + 1,
      CHARINDEX(@sep, @str, stop + 1)
    FROM Pieces
    WHERE stop > 0
  )

  SELECT
    pn AS Id,
    SUBSTRING(@str, start, CASE
      WHEN stop > 0
      THEN stop - start
      ELSE 512
    END) AS Data
  FROM Pieces
)

查询示例

在MyTable中搜索单词word1, word2, word3。Column1:

-- Create a temporal table (the Data size depends on the length of the word)
DECLARE @FilterTable TABLE (Data VARCHAR(512))

-- Get different and unique words for the search
INSERT INTO @FilterTable (Data)
SELECT DISTINCT S.Data
FROM fnSplit(' ', 'word1 word2 word3') S -- Contains words

-- Search into "MyTable" by "Column1"
SELECT DISTINCT
  T.*
FROM
  MyTable T
  -- Matching records
  INNER JOIN @FilterTable F1 ON T.Column1 LIKE '%' + F1.Data + '%'
  -- Is some word not present?
  LEFT JOIN @FilterTable F2 ON T.Column1 NOT LIKE '%' + F2.Data + '%'
WHERE
  -- Is some word not present?
  F2.Data IS NULL;

如果使用SQL Server全文搜索，这应该在SQL Server全文搜索的帮助下理想地完成。

然而，如果你因为某些原因不能在你的DB上工作，这里有一个性能密集型的解决方案:

-- table to search in
CREATE TABLE dbo.myTable
    (
    myTableId int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
    code varchar(200) NOT NULL,
    description varchar(200) NOT NULL -- this column contains the values we are going to search in
    )  ON [PRIMARY]
GO

-- function to split space separated search string into individual words
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (@StringInput nvarchar(max),
@Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS @OutputTable TABLE (
  id nvarchar(1000)
)
AS
BEGIN
  DECLARE @String nvarchar(100);

  WHILE LEN(@StringInput) > 0
  BEGIN
    SET @String = LEFT(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @StringInput) - 1, -1),
    LEN(@StringInput)));
    SET @StringInput = SUBSTRING(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX
    (
    @Delimiter, @StringInput
    ),
    0
    ), LEN
    (
    @StringInput)
    )
    + 1, LEN(@StringInput));

    INSERT INTO @OutputTable (id)
      VALUES (@String);
  END;

  RETURN;
END;
GO

-- this is the search script which can be optionally converted to a stored procedure /function


declare @search varchar(max) = 'infection upper acute genito'; -- enter your search string here
-- the searched string above should give rows containing the following
-- infection in upper side with acute genitointestinal tract
-- acute infection in upper teeth
-- acute genitointestinal pain

if (len(trim(@search)) = 0) -- if search string is empty, just return records ordered alphabetically
begin
 select 1 as Priority ,myTableid, code, Description from myTable order by Description
 return;
end

declare @splitTable Table(
wordRank int Identity(1,1), -- individual words are assinged priority order (in order of occurence/position)
word varchar(200)
)
declare @nonWordTable Table( -- table to trim out auxiliary verbs, prepositions etc. from the search
id varchar(200)
)

insert into @nonWordTable values
('of'),
('with'),
('at'),
('in'),
('for'),
('on'),
('by'),
('like'),
('up'),
('off'),
('near'),
('is'),
('are'),
(','),
(':'),
(';')

insert into @splitTable
select id from dbo.fnSplit(@search,' '); -- this function gives you a table with rows containing all the space separated words of the search like in this e.g., the output will be -
--  id
-------------
-- infection
-- upper
-- acute
-- genito

delete s from @splitTable s join @nonWordTable n  on s.word = n.id; -- trimming out non-words here
declare @countOfSearchStrings int = (select count(word) from @splitTable);  -- count of space separated words for search
declare @highestPriority int = POWER(@countOfSearchStrings,3);

with plainMatches as
(
select myTableid, @highestPriority as Priority from myTable where Description like @search  -- exact matches have highest priority
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-1 as Priority from myTable where Description like  @search + '%'  -- then with something at the end
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-2 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search -- then with something at the beginning
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-3 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search + '%' -- then if the word falls somewhere in between
),
splitWordMatches as( -- give each searched word a rank based on its position in the searched string
                     -- and calculate its char index in the field to search
select myTable.myTableid, (@countOfSearchStrings - s.wordRank) as Priority, s.word,
wordIndex = CHARINDEX(s.word, myTable.Description)  from myTable join @splitTable s on myTable.Description like '%'+ s.word + '%'
-- and not exists(select myTableid from plainMatches p where p.myTableId = myTable.myTableId) -- need not look into myTables that have already been found in plainmatches as they are highest ranked
                                                                              -- this one takes a long time though, so commenting it, will have no impact on the result
),
matchingRowsWithAllWords as (
 select myTableid, count(myTableid) as myTableCount from splitWordMatches group by(myTableid) having count(myTableid) = @countOfSearchStrings
)
, -- trim off the CTE here if you don't care about the ordering of words to be considered for priority
wordIndexRatings as( -- reverse the char indexes retrived above so that words occuring earlier have higher weightage
                     -- and then normalize them to sequential values
select s.myTableid, Priority, word, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by s.myTableid order by wordindex desc) as comparativeWordIndex
from splitWordMatches s join matchingRowsWithAllWords m on s.myTableId = m.myTableId
)
,
wordIndexSequenceRatings as ( -- need to do this to ensure that if the same set of words from search string is found in two rows,
                              -- their sequence in the field value is taken into account for higher priority
    select w.myTableid, w.word, (w.Priority + w.comparativeWordIndex + coalesce(sequncedPriority ,0)) as Priority
    from wordIndexRatings w left join
    (
     select w1.myTableid, w1.priority, w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex, count(w1.myTableid) as sequncedPriority
     from wordIndexRatings w1 join wordIndexRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId and w1.Priority > w2.Priority and w1.comparativeWordIndex>w2.comparativeWordIndex
     group by w1.myTableid, w1.priority,w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex
    )
    sequencedPriority on w.myTableId = sequencedPriority.myTableId and w.Priority = sequencedPriority.Priority
),
prioritizedSplitWordMatches as ( -- this calculates the cumulative priority for a field value
select  w1.myTableId, sum(w1.Priority) as OverallPriority from wordIndexSequenceRatings w1 join wordIndexSequenceRatings w2 on w1.myTableId =  w2.myTableId
where w1.word <> w2.word group by w1.myTableid
),
completeSet as (
select myTableid, priority from plainMatches -- get plain matches which should be highest ranked
union
select myTableid, OverallPriority as priority from prioritizedSplitWordMatches -- get ranked split word matches (which are ordered based on word rank in search string and sequence)
),
maximizedCompleteSet as( -- set the priority of a field value = maximum priority for that field value
select myTableid, max(priority) as Priority  from completeSet group by myTableId
)
select priority, myTable.myTableid , code, Description from maximizedCompleteSet m join myTable  on m.myTableId = myTable.myTableId
order by Priority desc, Description -- order by priority desc to get highest rated items on top
--offset 0 rows fetch next 50 rows only -- optional paging