我需要鸟瞰表之间的关系(在ORM中使用)。使用该页面的建议，经过试验，我整理了以下查询:

SELECT
    KCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
    KCU.TABLE_NAME,
    KCU.COLUMN_NAME,
    KCU.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
    KCU.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU
    JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS COLS
        ON
                COLS.TABLE_SCHEMA = KCU.TABLE_SCHEMA
            AND COLS.TABLE_NAME   = KCU.TABLE_NAME
            AND COLS.COLUMN_NAME  = KCU.COLUMN_NAME
WHERE
        KCU.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = {YOUR_SCHEMA_NAME}
    AND KCU.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY
    KCU.TABLE_NAME,
    COLS.ORDINAL_POSITION

它只返回我需要的东西，而且是按照我想要的顺序。

我还对结果做了一些处理(将其转换为某种字典)，以便它可以用于创建聚合。

SQL中的约束是为表中的数据定义的规则。约束还限制进入表的数据类型。如果新数据不遵守这些规则，操作将中止。

select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY';

你可以使用select * from information_schema.table_constraints;

(这会产生大量的表数据)。

你也可以在MySQL中使用:

show create table tableName;

了解更新和删除行为通常是有帮助的，这是其他答案没有提供的。现在开始。

SELECT cu.table_name,
       cu.column_name,
       cu.constraint_name,
       cu.referenced_table_name,
       cu.referenced_column_name,
       IF(rc.update_rule = 'NO ACTION', 'RESTRICT', rc.update_rule) AS update_rule,-- See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1498015/2742117
       IF(rc.delete_rule = 'NO ACTION', 'RESTRICT', rc.delete_rule) AS delete_rule -- See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1498015/2742117
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage cu
INNER JOIN information_schema.referential_constraints rc ON rc.constraint_schema = cu.table_schema
AND rc.table_name = cu.table_name
AND rc.constraint_name = cu.constraint_name
WHERE cu.referenced_table_schema = '<your schema>'
  AND cu.referenced_table_name = '<your table>';

在旧的答案上添加一些有用的信息。

我遇到了类似的问题，但我还想查看CONSTRAINT_TYPE以及引用的表和列名。所以,

To see all FKs in your table: USE '<yourschema>'; SELECT i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND i.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND i.TABLE_NAME = '<yourtable>'; To see all the tables and FKs in your schema: USE '<yourschema>'; SELECT i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND i.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE(); To see all the FKs in your database: SELECT i.TABLE_SCHEMA, i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY';

记住!

这里使用的是InnoDB存储引擎。如果在添加外键后，似乎无法显示任何外键，这可能是因为您的表正在使用MyISAM。

检查:

SELECT * TABLE_NAME, ENGINE FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = '<yourschema>';

要修复，使用这个:

ALTER TABLE `<yourtable>` ENGINE=InnoDB;

如果你使用InnoDB并定义了FK，你可以查询information_schema数据库，例如:

SELECT * FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 
WHERE information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' 
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'myschema'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_NAME = 'mytable';

作为Node的替代答案，如果你使用InnoDB并定义了FK，你可以查询information_schema数据库，例如:

SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME, TABLE_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = '<schema>'
AND TABLE_NAME = '<table>'

对于<表>中的外键，或

SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME, TABLE_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = '<schema>'
AND REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME = '<table>'

对于<表>的外键

如果需要，还可以获得UPDATE_RULE和DELETE_RULE。