查看ViewModel的谷歌文档,他们展示了下面如何获取ViewModel的示例代码:

val model = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MyViewModel::class.java)

当使用最新的依赖项android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1时,没有这样的类ViewModelProviders。

去查看ViewModelProviders的文档,我看到一条评论说:

这个类在API级别1.1.0中已弃用。使用ViewModelProvider。AndroidViewModelFactory

问题是,当尝试使用ViewModelProvider时。AndroidViewModelFactory,找不到一个等效的方法来获取ViewModel的实例。

我尝试做的事情:

ViewModelProvider.AndroidViewModelFactory.getInstance(application).create(PlayerViewHolder::class.java)

因此,方法的名称创建,我得到一个新的实例的ViewModel每次我调用它,这不是我所追求的。

有什么想法是替换上面已弃用的代码?


当前回答

早在2020年,谷歌已经在androidx生命周期库2.2.0版本中弃用了ViewModelProviders类。

不再需要使用ViewModelProviders来创建ViewModel的实例,您可以将您的Fragment或Activity实例传递给ViewModelProvider构造函数。

如果你使用如下代码:

val viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(CalculatorViewModel::class.java)

你会得到一个警告,ViewModelProviders已被弃用。

要避免使用已弃用的库,请进行以下更改:

In the build.gradle (Module: app) file, use version 2.2.0 of the lifecycle components: implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.2.0' implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.1.0" If you want to use the ViewModel from a Fragment instead, use implementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.2.2" fragment-ktx automatically includes activity-ktx, so you don't need to specify both in the dependencies. You need to specify Java 8 in the android section : android { compileSdkVersion 28 defaultConfig { applicationId "com.kgandroid.calculator" minSdkVersion 17 targetSdkVersion 28 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } } kotlinOptions { jvmTarget = "1.8" } } In your Fragment or Activity, change the import to: import androidx.activity.viewModels The code to create a ViewModel then becomes: val viewModel: CalculatorViewModel by viewModels() instead of val viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(CalculatorViewModel::class.java) Use the viewModel object as : val viewModel: CalculatorViewModel by viewModels() viewModel.newNumber.observe(this, Observer<String> { stringResult -> newNumber.setText(stringResult) }) where newNumer is a LiveData object In a Fragment that you want to share the Activity's ViewModel, you'd use val viewModel: CalculatorViewModel by activityViewModels()

这相当于在(已弃用的)ViewModelProviders.of()函数中传递Activity实例。

其他回答

尝试在构建中添加此代码。Gradle模块级

 android {
 kotlinOptions {
    freeCompilerArgs += [
        '-Xjvm-default=enable'
    ]
  }   
}

你可以这样使用:

private  val sharedViewModel: SharedViewModel by viewModels(ownerProducer = { requireActivity() })


ownerProducer = { requireActivity() } // This is only required if you want to share same view model among different fragments.

用这个:

YourViewModel yourViewModel = new ViewModelProvider.AndroidViewModelFactory(getApplication()).create(YourViewModel.class);

进口

弃用:

import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;

To:

import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;

使用

弃用:

ViewModelProviders.of(this, provider).get(VM::class.java)

To:

ViewModelProvider(this, provider).get(VM::class.java)

只需从

ViewModelProviders.of(这 提供者). get (MainActivityViewModel:: class.java)

to

ViewModelProvider(这 提供者). get (MainActivityViewModel:: class.java)