我用这个:

type RequireField<T, K extends keyof T> = T & Required<Pick<T, K>>

用法:

let a : RequireField<TypeA, "fieldA" | "fieldB">;

这使得fieldA和fieldB是必需的。

我用这个:

type RequireField<T, K extends keyof T> = T & Required<Pick<T, K>>

用法:

let a : RequireField<TypeA, "fieldA" | "fieldB">;

这使得fieldA和fieldB是必需的。

没有多个接口的替代方案是

export type MenuItem = {
  title: string;
  component: any;
  icon: string;
} | {
  title: string;
  click: any;
  icon: string;
};

const item: MenuItem[] = [
  { title: "", icon: "", component: {} },
  { title: "", icon: "", click: "" },
  // Shouldn't this error out because it's passing a property that is not defined
  { title: "", icon: "", click: "", component: {} },
  // Does error out :)
  { title: "", icon: "" }
];

我在如何创建一个需要设置单个属性的Partial-like中问过类似的问题

上面的内容可以简化，但它可能更容易阅读，也可能不容易

export type MenuItem = {
  title: string;
  icon: string;
} & (
 {component: any} | {click: string}
)

注意，这些都不会阻止你同时添加两者，因为TypeScript确实允许在使用AND/OR的对象上添加额外的属性，请参阅https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/15447

还有另一个解决方案:

type RequiredKeys<T, K extends keyof T> = Required<Pick<T, K>> & Omit<T, K>;

type MenuItem2 = RequiredKeys<MenuItem, "component" | "click">;

这种方法结合了never和省略。这样做的好处是易于理解，如果需要添加更多属性，也易于更新。

interface Base {
  title: string;
  icon: string;
  component?: never;
  click?: never;
}

interface OnlyComponent {
  component: any;
}

interface OnlyClick {
  click: any;
}

export type MenuItem = (Omit<Base, 'component'> & OnlyComponent) | (Omit<Base, 'click'> & OnlyClick);

你可以使用in来缩小MenuItem的一个实例:

const item: MenuItem = {
  title: 'A good title';
  icon: 'fa-plus';
  component: SomeComponent;
};

//...

if('component' in item) {
  const Comp = item.component;
  //...
}

这里有一个简单的方法来实现其中一个，但不是两个

type MenuItem =  {
  title: string;
  component: any;
  click?: never;
  icon: string;
} | {
  title: string;
  component?: never;
  click: any;
  icon: string;
}

// good
const menuItemWithComponent: MenuItem = {
  title: 'title',
  component: "my component",
  icon: "icon"
}

// good
const menuItemWithClick: MenuItem = {
  title: 'title',
  click: "my click",
  icon: "icon"
}

// compile error
const menuItemWithBoth: MenuItem = {
  title: 'title',
  click: "my click",
  component: "my click",
  icon: "icon"
}