ArrayDeque在堆栈中比stack或LinkedList更快。"push()"将元素插入到Deque的前面

 protected <T> Stream<T> reverse(Stream<T> stream) {
    ArrayDeque<T> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
    stream.forEach(stack::push);
    return stack.stream();
}

我就是这么做的。

我不喜欢创建一个新集合并反向迭代它的想法。

IntStream#映射的想法是非常整洁的，但我更喜欢IntStream#迭代方法，因为我认为倒计时到零的想法更好地表达了迭代方法，更容易理解从后面到前面的数组行走。

import static java.lang.Math.max;

private static final double EXACT_MATCH = 0d;

public static IntStream reverseStream(final int[] array) {
    return countdownFrom(array.length - 1).map(index -> array[index]);
}

public static DoubleStream reverseStream(final double[] array) {
    return countdownFrom(array.length - 1).mapToDouble(index -> array[index]);
}

public static <T> Stream<T> reverseStream(final T[] array) {
    return countdownFrom(array.length - 1).mapToObj(index -> array[index]);
}

public static IntStream countdownFrom(final int top) {
    return IntStream.iterate(top, t -> t - 1).limit(max(0, (long) top + 1));
}

下面是一些测试来证明它是有效的:

import static java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

@Test
public void testReverseStream_emptyArrayCreatesEmptyStream() {
    Assert.assertEquals(0, reverseStream(new double[0]).count());
}

@Test
public void testReverseStream_singleElementCreatesSingleElementStream() {
    Assert.assertEquals(1, reverseStream(new double[1]).count());
    final double[] singleElementArray = new double[] { 123.4 };
    assertArrayEquals(singleElementArray, reverseStream(singleElementArray).toArray(), EXACT_MATCH);
}

@Test
public void testReverseStream_multipleElementsAreStreamedInReversedOrder() {
    final double[] arr = new double[] { 1d, 2d, 3d };
    final double[] revArr = new double[] { 3d, 2d, 1d };
    Assert.assertEquals(arr.length, reverseStream(arr).count());
    Assert.assertArrayEquals(revArr, reverseStream(arr).toArray(), EXACT_MATCH);
}

@Test
public void testCountdownFrom_returnsAllElementsFromTopToZeroInReverseOrder() {
    assertArrayEquals(new int[] { 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 }, countdownFrom(4).toArray());
}

@Test
public void testCountdownFrom_countingDownStartingWithZeroOutputsTheNumberZero() {
    assertArrayEquals(new int[] { 0 }, countdownFrom(0).toArray());
}

@Test
public void testCountdownFrom_doesNotChokeOnIntegerMaxValue() {
    assertEquals(true, countdownFrom(MAX_VALUE).anyMatch(x -> x == MAX_VALUE));
}

@Test
public void testCountdownFrom_givesZeroLengthCountForNegativeValues() {
    assertArrayEquals(new int[0], countdownFrom(-1).toArray());
    assertArrayEquals(new int[0], countdownFrom(-4).toArray());
}

此方法适用于任何流，并且兼容Java 8:

Stream<Integer> myStream = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
myStream.reduce(Stream.empty(),
        (Stream<Integer> a, Integer b) -> Stream.concat(Stream.of(b), a),
        (a, b) -> Stream.concat(b, a))
        .forEach(System.out::println);

你可以定义自己的收集器，按相反的顺序收集元素:

public static <T> Collector<T, List<T>, List<T>> inReverse() {
    return Collector.of(
        ArrayList::new,
        (l, t) -> l.add(t),
        (l, r) -> {l.addAll(r); return l;},
        Lists::<T>reverse);
}

像这样使用它:

stream.collect(inReverse()).forEach(t -> ...)

我使用ArrayList在前向顺序有效地插入收集项(在列表的末尾)，和番石榴列表。Reverse用于有效地提供列表的反向视图，而无需复制另一个列表。

下面是自定义收集器的一些测试用例:

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
import java.util.function.BinaryOperator;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.stream.Collector;

import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;

public class TestReverseCollector {
    private final Object t1 = new Object();
    private final Object t2 = new Object();
    private final Object t3 = new Object();
    private final Object t4 = new Object();

    private final Collector<Object, List<Object>, List<Object>> inReverse = inReverse();
    private final Supplier<List<Object>> supplier = inReverse.supplier();
    private final BiConsumer<List<Object>, Object> accumulator = inReverse.accumulator();
    private final Function<List<Object>, List<Object>> finisher = inReverse.finisher();
    private final BinaryOperator<List<Object>> combiner = inReverse.combiner();

    @Test public void associative() {
        final List<Object> a1 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a1, t1);
        accumulator.accept(a1, t2);
        final List<Object> r1 = finisher.apply(a1);

        final List<Object> a2 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a2, t1);
        final List<Object> a3 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a3, t2);
        final List<Object> r2 = finisher.apply(combiner.apply(a2, a3));

        assertThat(r1, Matchers.equalTo(r2));
    }

    @Test public void identity() {
        final List<Object> a1 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a1, t1);
        accumulator.accept(a1, t2);
        final List<Object> r1 = finisher.apply(a1);

        final List<Object> a2 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a2, t1);
        accumulator.accept(a2, t2);
        final List<Object> r2 = finisher.apply(combiner.apply(a2, supplier.get()));

        assertThat(r1, equalTo(r2));
    }

    @Test public void reversing() throws Exception {
        final List<Object> a2 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a2, t1);
        accumulator.accept(a2, t2);

        final List<Object> a3 = supplier.get();
        accumulator.accept(a3, t3);
        accumulator.accept(a3, t4);

        final List<Object> r2 = finisher.apply(combiner.apply(a2, a3));

        assertThat(r2, contains(t4, t3, t2, t1));
    }

    public static <T> Collector<T, List<T>, List<T>> inReverse() {
        return Collector.of(
            ArrayList::new,
            (l, t) -> l.add(t),
            (l, r) -> {l.addAll(r); return l;},
            Lists::<T>reverse);
    }
}

一般问题:

流不存储任何元素。

因此，如果不将元素存储在某个中间集合中，就不可能以相反的顺序迭代元素。

Stream.of("1", "2", "20", "3")
      .collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayDeque::new)) // or LinkedList
      .descendingIterator()
      .forEachRemaining(System.out::println);

更新:改变LinkedList为ArrayDeque(更好)，详情请看这里

打印:

3

20

2

1

顺便说一下，使用sort方法是不正确的，因为它排序，而不是反转(假设流可能有无序元素)

具体问题:

我发现这很简单，更容易和直观(复制@Holger评论)

IntStream.iterate(to - 1, i -> i - 1).limit(to - from)

作为参考，我正在考虑同样的问题，我想以相反的顺序连接流元素的字符串值。

itemList = {last, middle, first} =>第一个，中间，最后一个

我开始从comonad或Stuart Marks的ArrayDeque收集器中使用colltingandthen的中间收集，尽管我对中间收集不满意，然后再次使用流式

itemList.stream()
        .map(TheObject::toString)
        .collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.toList(),
                                              strings -> {
                                                      Collections.reverse(strings);
                                                      return strings;
                                              }))
        .stream()
        .collect(Collector.joining());

所以我迭代了Stuart Marks的答案，它使用了收集器。factory，它有一个有趣的结束项。

itemList.stream()
        .collect(Collector.of(StringBuilder::new,
                             (sb, o) -> sb.insert(0, o),
                             (r1, r2) -> { r1.insert(0, r2); return r1; },
                             StringBuilder::toString));

由于在这种情况下，流不是并行的，组合器不是那么相关，我使用插入无论如何为了代码的一致性，但这并不重要，因为它将取决于哪个stringbuilder是第一个构建的。

我看了看StringJoiner，但是它没有插入方法。