对于JAXB，您可以使用下面的代码:

    @Test
public void testCheckXmlIsValidAgainstSchema() {
    logger.info("Validating an XML file against the latest schema...");

    MyValidationEventCollector vec = new MyValidationEventCollector();

    validateXmlAgainstSchema(vec, inputXmlFileName, inputXmlSchemaName, inputXmlRootClass);

    assertThat(vec.getValidationErrors().isEmpty(), is(expectedValidationResult));
}

private void validateXmlAgainstSchema(final MyValidationEventCollector vec, final String xmlFileName, final String xsdSchemaName, final Class<?> rootClass) {
    try (InputStream xmlFileIs = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(xmlFileName);) {
        final JAXBContext jContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(rootClass);
        // Unmarshal the data from InputStream
        final Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jContext.createUnmarshaller();

        final SchemaFactory sf = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
        final InputStream schemaAsStream = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(xsdSchemaName);
        unmarshaller.setSchema(sf.newSchema(new StreamSource(schemaAsStream)));

        unmarshaller.setEventHandler(vec);

        unmarshaller.unmarshal(new StreamSource(xmlFileIs), rootClass).getValue(); // The Document class is the root object in the XML file you want to validate

        for (String validationError : vec.getValidationErrors()) {
            logger.trace(validationError);
        }
    } catch (final Exception e) {
        logger.error("The validation of the XML file " + xmlFileName + " failed: ", e);
    }
}

class MyValidationEventCollector implements ValidationEventHandler {
    private final List<String> validationErrors;

    public MyValidationEventCollector() {
        validationErrors = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public List<String> getValidationErrors() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(validationErrors);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean handleEvent(final ValidationEvent event) {
        String pattern = "line {0}, column {1}, error message {2}";
        String errorMessage = MessageFormat.format(pattern, event.getLocator().getLineNumber(), event.getLocator().getColumnNumber(),
                event.getMessage());
        if (event.getSeverity() == ValidationEvent.FATAL_ERROR) {
            validationErrors.add(errorMessage);
        }
        return true; // you collect the validation errors in a List and handle them later
    }
}

如果您正在以编程方式生成XML文件，那么您可能需要查看XMLBeans库。使用命令行工具，XMLBeans将自动生成并打包一组基于XSD的Java对象。然后可以使用这些对象基于此模式构建XML文档。

它内置了模式验证支持，可以将Java对象转换为XML文档，反之亦然。

Castor和JAXB是其他Java库，其功能与XMLBeans类似。

如果你有一台Linux-Machine，你可以使用免费的命令行工具SAXCount。我发现这非常有用。

SAXCount -f -s -n my.xml

它针对dtd和xsd进行验证。 5s，一个50MB的文件。

在debian中，它位于包“libxerces-c-samples”中。

dtd和xsd的定义必须在xml中!你不能分别配置它们。

使用Java 7，您可以遵循包描述中提供的文档。

// create a SchemaFactory capable of understanding WXS schemas SchemaFactory factory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI); // load a WXS schema, represented by a Schema instance Source schemaFile = new StreamSource(new File("mySchema.xsd")); Schema schema = factory.newSchema(schemaFile); // create a Validator instance, which can be used to validate an instance document Validator validator = schema.newValidator(); // validate the DOM tree try { validator.validate(new StreamSource(new File("instance.xml")); } catch (SAXException e) { // instance document is invalid! }

下面是如何使用Xerces2来实现这一点。这方面的教程在这里(req。注册)。

原始出处:公然抄袭:

import org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser;
import java.io.File;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class SchemaTest {
  public static void main (String args[]) {
      File docFile = new File("memory.xml");
      try {
        DOMParser parser = new DOMParser();
        parser.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/validation", true);
        parser.setProperty(
             "http://apache.org/xml/properties/schema/external-noNamespaceSchemaLocation", 
             "memory.xsd");
        ErrorChecker errors = new ErrorChecker();
        parser.setErrorHandler(errors);
        parser.parse("memory.xml");
     } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.print("Problem parsing the file.");
     }
  }
}

使用Woodstox，配置StAX解析器以根据您的模式进行验证并解析XML。

如果异常被捕获，则XML无效，否则有效:

// create the XSD schema from your schema file
XMLValidationSchemaFactory schemaFactory = XMLValidationSchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLValidationSchema.SCHEMA_ID_W3C_SCHEMA);
XMLValidationSchema validationSchema = schemaFactory.createSchema(schemaInputStream);

// create the XML reader for your XML file
WstxInputFactory inputFactory = new WstxInputFactory();
XMLStreamReader2 xmlReader = (XMLStreamReader2) inputFactory.createXMLStreamReader(xmlInputStream);

try {
    // configure the reader to validate against the schema
    xmlReader.validateAgainst(validationSchema);

    // parse the XML
    while (xmlReader.hasNext()) {
        xmlReader.next();
    }

    // no exceptions, the XML is valid

} catch (XMLStreamException e) {

    // exceptions, the XML is not valid

} finally {
    xmlReader.close();
}

注意:如果您需要验证多个文件，您应该尝试重用您的XMLInputFactory和XMLValidationSchema，以最大化性能。