我正在做以下事情:

getLocalStorageSizeLimit = function () {

    var maxLength = Math.pow(2,24);
    var preLength = 0;
    var hugeString = "0";
    var testString;
    var keyName = "testingLengthKey";

    //2^24 = 16777216 should be enough to all browsers
    testString = (new Array(Math.pow(2, 24))).join("X");

    while (maxLength !== preLength) {
        try  {
            localStorage.setItem(keyName, testString);

            preLength = testString.length;
            maxLength = Math.ceil(preLength + ((hugeString.length - preLength) / 2));

            testString = hugeString.substr(0, maxLength);
        } catch (e) {
            hugeString = testString;

            maxLength = Math.floor(testString.length - (testString.length - preLength) / 2);
            testString = hugeString.substr(0, maxLength);
        }
    }

    localStorage.removeItem(keyName);

    // Original used this.storageObject in place of localStorage.  I can only guess the goal is to check the size of the localStorage with everything but the testString given that maxLength is then added.
    maxLength = JSON.stringify(localStorage).length + maxLength + keyName.length - 2;

    return maxLength;
};

您不希望将大对象字符串化到单个localStorage条目中。这将是非常低效的——每次有细微的细节变化时，整个东西都必须被解析和重新编码。此外，JSON不能在对象结构中处理多个交叉引用，并且删除了许多细节，例如构造函数、数组的非数值属性、稀疏条目中的内容等。

相反，您可以使用Rhaboo。它使用大量的localStorage条目来存储大型对象，因此您可以快速地进行小的更改。恢复的对象是保存的对象的更准确的副本，API非常简单。例如:

var store = Rhaboo.persistent('Some name');
store.write('count', store.count ? store.count+1 : 1);
store.write('somethingfancy', {
  one: ['man', 'went'],
  2: 'mow',
  went: [  2, { mow: ['a', 'meadow' ] }, {}  ]
});
store.somethingfancy.went[1].mow.write(1, 'lawn');

顺便说一句，这是我写的。

你可以在现代浏览器中使用下面的代码来实时有效地检查存储配额(总量和使用):

if ('storage' in navigator && 'estimate' in navigator.storage) {
        navigator.storage.estimate()
            .then(estimate => {
                console.log("Usage (in Bytes): ", estimate.usage,
                            ",  Total Quota (in Bytes): ", estimate.quota);
            });
}

这里有一个简单的脚本来找出限制:

if (localStorage && !localStorage.getItem('size')) {
    var i = 0;
    try {
        // Test up to 10 MB
        for (i = 250; i <= 10000; i += 250) {
            localStorage.setItem('test', new Array((i * 1024) + 1).join('a'));
        }
    } catch (e) {
        localStorage.removeItem('test');
        localStorage.setItem('size', i - 250);            
    }
}

这里是要点，JSFiddle和博客帖子。

该脚本将测试设置越来越大的文本字符串，直到浏览器抛出一个异常。这时，它将清除测试数据，并在localStorage中设置一个大小键，以千字节为单位存储大小。

引用维基百科关于Web存储的文章:

Web存储可以简单地看作是对cookie的改进，提供了更大的存储容量(在谷歌Chrome(https://plus.google.com/u/0/+FrancoisBeaufort/posts/S5Q9HqDB8bh)、Mozilla Firefox和Opera中，每个源的存储容量为10mb;在Internet Explorer中，每个存储区域为10mb)和更好的编程接口。

我还引用了John Resig在2007年1月发表的一篇文章:

Storage Space It is implied that, with DOM Storage, you have considerably more storage space than the typical user agent limitations imposed upon Cookies. However, the amount that is provided is not defined in the specification, nor is it meaningfully broadcast by the user agent. If you look at the Mozilla source code we can see that 5120KB is the default storage size for an entire domain. This gives you considerably more space to work with than a typical 2KB cookie. However, the size of this storage area can be customized by the user (so a 5MB storage area is not guaranteed, nor is it implied) and the user agent (Opera, for example, may only provide 3MB - but only time will tell.)

我编写了这段简单的代码，以字节为单位测试localStorage的大小。

https://github.com/gkucmierz/Test-of-localStorage-limits-quota

const check = bytes => {
  try {
    localStorage.clear();
    localStorage.setItem('a', '0'.repeat(bytes));
    localStorage.clear();
    return true;
  } catch(e) {
    localStorage.clear();
    return false;
  }
};

Github页面:

https://gkucmierz.github.io/Test-of-localStorage-limits-quota/

我在桌面谷歌chrome, opera, firefox, brave和移动chrome上有相同的结果，这是~10Mbytes

和一半小的结果safari约4mb