使用枚举。TryParse<T>(String, T)(≥.NET 4.0):

StatusEnum myStatus;
Enum.TryParse("Active", out myStatus);

使用c# 7.0的参数类型内联可以进一步简化:

Enum.TryParse("Active", out StatusEnum myStatus);

我开始使用这种方法。性能似乎还可以，但它需要一些样板代码设置。

public enum StatusType {
    Success,
    Pending,
    Rejected
}

static class StatusTypeMethods {

    public static StatusType GetEnum(string type) {
        switch (type) {
            case nameof(StatusType.Success): return StatusType.Success;
            case nameof(StatusType.Pending): return StatusType.Pending;
            case nameof(StatusType.Rejected): return StatusType.Rejected;
            default:
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), type, null);
        };
    }
}

之后，你可以这样使用它:

StatusType = StatusType.GetEnum("Success");

在。net 4.5中不使用try/catch和TryParse()方法将字符串解析为TEnum

/// <summary>
/// Parses string to TEnum without try/catch and .NET 4.5 TryParse()
/// </summary>
public static bool TryParseToEnum<TEnum>(string probablyEnumAsString_, out TEnum enumValue_) where TEnum : struct
{
    enumValue_ = (TEnum)Enum.GetValues(typeof(TEnum)).GetValue(0);
    if(!Enum.IsDefined(typeof(TEnum), probablyEnumAsString_))
        return false;

    enumValue_ = (TEnum) Enum.Parse(typeof(TEnum), probablyEnumAsString_);
    return true;
}

public static T ParseEnum<T>(string value)            //function declaration  
{
    return (T) Enum.Parse(typeof(T), value);
}

Importance imp = EnumUtil.ParseEnum<Importance>("Active");   //function call

==================== 一个完整的程序 ====================

using System;

class Program
{
    enum PetType
    {
    None,
    Cat = 1,
    Dog = 2
    }

    static void Main()
    {

    // Possible user input:
    string value = "Dog";

    // Try to convert the string to an enum:
    PetType pet = (PetType)Enum.Parse(typeof(PetType), value);

    // See if the conversion succeeded:
    if (pet == PetType.Dog)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Equals dog.");
    }
    }
}
-------------
Output

Equals dog.

// str.ToEnum<EnumType>()
T static ToEnum<T>(this string str) 
{ 
    return (T) Enum.Parse(typeof(T), str);
}

对于性能，这可能会有所帮助:

    private static Dictionary<Type, Dictionary<string, object>> dicEnum = new Dictionary<Type, Dictionary<string, object>>();
    public static T ToEnum<T>(this string value, T defaultValue)
    {
        var t = typeof(T);
        Dictionary<string, object> dic;
        if (!dicEnum.ContainsKey(t))
        {
            dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            dicEnum.Add(t, dic);
            foreach (var en in Enum.GetValues(t))
                dic.Add(en.ToString(), en);
        }
        else
            dic = dicEnum[t];
        if (!dic.ContainsKey(value))
            return defaultValue;
        else
            return (T)dic[value];
    }