I was working with a friend on a project, and he edited a bunch of files that shouldn't have been edited. Somehow I merged his work into mine, either when I pulled it, or when I tried to just pick the specific files out that I wanted. I've been looking and playing for a long time, trying to figure out how to remove the commits that contain the edits to those files, it seems to be a toss up between revert and rebase, and there are no straightforward examples, and the docs assume I know more than I do.
下面是这个问题的简化版本:
给定下面的场景，我如何删除提交2?
$ mkdir git_revert_test && cd git_revert_test
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/josh/deleteme/git_revert_test/.git/
$ echo "line 1" > myfile
$ git add -A
$ git commit -m "commit 1"
[master (root-commit) 8230fa3] commit 1
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 myfile
$ echo "line 2" >> myfile
$ git commit -am "commit 2"
[master 342f9bb] commit 2
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
$ echo "line 3" >> myfile
$ git commit -am "commit 3"
[master 1bcb872] commit 3
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
预期的结果是
$ cat myfile
line 1
line 3
以下是我一直试图恢复的一个例子
$ git revert 342f9bb
Automatic revert failed. After resolving the conflicts,
mark the corrected paths with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'
and commit the result.
我有一个简单的解决方案，使用补丁恢复您所有的更改。
检查当前的主要分支机构(例如开发)
git checkout develop
在历史日志中查找你的commit-id，只签出你对一个新分支的更改:
git log
git checkout -b your-branch <your-commit-id>
在你的分支中查找，找到你想要恢复到的前一个状态:
git checkout -b prev-status <previous-commit-id>
创建一个补丁，可以恢复您的所有更改:
git diff your-branch..prev-status > reverts.patch
# the comparing order of branches is important
检查当前的头分支，并应用恢复补丁
git checkout origin develop
git apply reverts.patch
git add *
git commit -m "revert all my changes"
我有一个简单的解决方案，使用补丁恢复您所有的更改。
检查当前的主要分支机构(例如开发)
git checkout develop
在历史日志中查找你的commit-id，只签出你对一个新分支的更改:
git log
git checkout -b your-branch <your-commit-id>
在你的分支中查找，找到你想要恢复到的前一个状态:
git checkout -b prev-status <previous-commit-id>
创建一个补丁，可以恢复您的所有更改:
git diff your-branch..prev-status > reverts.patch
# the comparing order of branches is important
检查当前的头分支，并应用恢复补丁
git checkout origin develop
git apply reverts.patch
git add *
git commit -m "revert all my changes"
你可以使用git rebase删除不需要的提交。
假设您将同事的topic分支的一些提交包含到您的topic分支中，但后来决定不需要这些提交。
git checkout -b tmp-branch my-topic-branch # Use a temporary branch to be safe.
git rebase -i master # Interactively rebase against master branch.
此时，文本编辑器将打开交互式rebase视图。例如
通过删除它们的行来删除您不想要的提交
保存并退出
如果改基不成功，删除临时分支并尝试其他策略。否则，请继续执行以下说明。
git checkout my-topic-branch
git reset --hard tmp-branch # Overwrite your topic branch with the temp branch.
git branch -d tmp-branch # Delete the temporary branch.
如果将主题分支推到远程，可能需要强制推，因为提交历史已经更改。如果其他人在同一个分支上工作，给他们提个醒。
