我有这样一个问题:

org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException:惰性初始化role: mvc3.model.Topic.comments集合失败,没有会话或会话已关闭

下面是模型:

@Entity
@Table(name = "T_TOPIC")
public class Topic {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    private int id;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="USER_ID")
    private User author;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)    
    private Tag topicTag;

    private String name;
    private String text;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "topic", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private Collection<Comment> comments = new LinkedHashSet<Comment>();

    ...

    public Collection<Comment> getComments() {
           return comments;
    }

}

调用model的控制器如下所示:

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/topic")
public class TopicController {

    @Autowired
    private TopicService service;

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicController.class);


    @RequestMapping(value = "/details/{topicId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView details(@PathVariable(value="topicId") int id)
    {

            Topic topicById = service.findTopicByID(id);
            Collection<Comment> commentList = topicById.getComments();

            Hashtable modelData = new Hashtable();
            modelData.put("topic", topicById);
            modelData.put("commentList", commentList);

            return new ModelAndView("/topic/details", modelData);

     }

}

jsp页面看起来如下所示:

<%@page import="com.epam.mvc3.helpers.Utils"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
      <title>View Topic</title>
</head>
<body>

<ul>
<c:forEach items="${commentList}" var="item">
<jsp:useBean id="item" type="mvc3.model.Comment"/>
<li>${item.getText()}</li>

</c:forEach>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

在查看jsp时,将引发异常。在c:forEach循环的行中


当前回答

为了延迟加载集合,必须有一个活动会话。在web应用中,有两种方法可以做到这一点。您可以使用Open Session In View模式,其中使用拦截器在请求开始时打开会话,并在结束时关闭会话。风险在于你必须有可靠的异常处理,否则你可能会绑定所有的会话,你的应用程序可能会挂起。

The other way to handle this is to collect all the data you need in your controller, close your session, and then stuff the data into your model. I personally prefer this approach, as it seems a little closer to the spirit of the MVC pattern. Also if you get an error from the database this way you can handle it a lot better than if it happens in your view renderer. Your friend in this scenario is Hibernate.initialize(myTopic.getComments()). You will also have to reattach the object to the session, since you're creating a new transaction with every request. Use session.lock(myTopic,LockMode.NONE) for that.

其他回答

在我的例子中,我有b/w A和b的映射

一个有

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "a", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
Set<B> bs;

在DAO层中,如果您还没有使用Fetch Type - Eager对映射进行注释,则该方法需要使用@Transactional进行注释

为了延迟加载集合,必须有一个活动会话。在web应用中,有两种方法可以做到这一点。您可以使用Open Session In View模式,其中使用拦截器在请求开始时打开会话,并在结束时关闭会话。风险在于你必须有可靠的异常处理,否则你可能会绑定所有的会话,你的应用程序可能会挂起。

The other way to handle this is to collect all the data you need in your controller, close your session, and then stuff the data into your model. I personally prefer this approach, as it seems a little closer to the spirit of the MVC pattern. Also if you get an error from the database this way you can handle it a lot better than if it happens in your view renderer. Your friend in this scenario is Hibernate.initialize(myTopic.getComments()). You will also have to reattach the object to the session, since you're creating a new transaction with every request. Use session.lock(myTopic,LockMode.NONE) for that.

对于这个惰性初始化问题有多种解决方案

1)将关联Fetch类型从LAZY更改为EAGER,但这不是一个好的做法,因为这会降低性能。

2)使用FetchType。在关联对象上使用LAZY,并在您的服务层方法中使用Transactional注释,以便会话保持打开状态,并且当您调用topicById.getComments()时,子对象(注释)将被加载。

3)另外,在控制器层请尽量使用DTO对象而不是实体。在你的例子中,会话在控制器层被关闭。所以最好在服务层将实体转换为DTO。

对于fetch = FetchType.LAZY,你应该有两个东西。

@Transactional

and

Hibernate.initialize(topicById.getComments());

模型类Topic中的集合注释是惰性加载的,如果你不使用fetch = FetchType注释它,这是默认的行为。热切的特别。

findTopicByID服务很可能正在使用无状态Hibernate会话。无状态会话没有第一级缓存,即没有持久性上下文。稍后,当您尝试迭代注释时,Hibernate将抛出异常。

org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: mvc3.model.Topic.comments, no session or session was closed

解决方案可以是:

使用fetch = FetchType注释注释。急切的 @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType。mappedBy = "topic", cascade = CascadeType.ALL) private Collection<Comment> comments = new LinkedHashSet<Comment>(); 如果您仍然希望延迟加载注释,请使用Hibernate的有状态会话,这样您就可以在需要时获取注释。