摘自作者的文章:

使用-t选项来远程添加git，例如:

git remote add -t remote-branch remote-name remote-url

您可以使用多个-t分支选项来获取多个分支。

这个方法对我很有用。

获取目标分支的远程分支:

git fetch origin branch-name

签出目标分支:

git checkout -b branch-name origin/branch-name

在这里，我尝试成功地获取release-20.10.08。

name:directory zgong$ git fetch release-20.10.04 release-20.10.04
fatal: 'release-20.10.04' does not appear to be a git repository
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
WM-C02WM0T3HTD8:vdca_android_20_10_04_stable zgong$ git fetch origin release-20.10.04
From ssh://stash.trusted.visa.com:7999/vdcbc3a/vmcp-android-mobile-app
 * branch                  release-20.10.04 -> FETCH_HEAD
WM-C02WM0T3HTD8:vdca_android_20_10_04_stable zgong$ git checkout -b release-20.10.08 origin/release-20.10.08
fatal: 'origin/release-20.10.08' is not a commit and a branch 'release-20.10.08' cannot be created from it
WM-C02WM0T3HTD8:vdca_android_20_10_04_stable zgong$ git fetch origin release-20.10.08
remote: Counting objects: 637, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (320/320), done.
remote: Total 637 (delta 303), reused 465 (delta 202)
Receiving objects: 100% (637/637), 312.26 KiB | 262.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (303/303), done.
From ssh://stash.trusted.visa.com:7999/vdcbc3a/vmcp-android-mobile-app
 * branch                  release-20.10.08 -> FETCH_HEAD
 * [new branch]            release-20.10.08 -> origin/release-20.10.08
WM-C02WM0T3HTD8:vdca_android_20_10_04_stable zgong$ git checkout -b release-20.10.08 origin/release-20.10.08
M   VMCP/fmcore_android
M   VMCP/foundation_android
M   VMCP/mep_3ds_android
M   VMCP/mep_login_android
M   VMCP/mep_provisioning_and
Branch 'release-20.10.08' set up to track remote branch 'release-20.10.08' from 'origin'.
Switched to a new branch 'release-20.10.08'

为了完整起见，这里有一个新签出的示例命令:

git clone --branch gh-pages --single-branch git://github.com/user/repo

正如在其他回答中提到的，它设置remote.origin.fetch如下所示:

[remote "origin"]
        url = git://github.com/user/repo
        fetch = +refs/heads/gh-pages:refs/remotes/origin/gh-pages

让我用我的两便士来曲解马德森先生的回答:

Git获取<remote_name_or_url> <branch_name> git checkout FETCH_HEAD -B <branch_name>

与马德森的提议相比，这两条线路的主要优势在于，即使分支机构已经在本地存在，它也能工作。

要更新现有的远程跟踪特定的分支，只使用:

git remote set-branches <remote-name> <branch-name>

从git帮助远程:

set-branches
    Changes the list of branches tracked by the named remote. This can be used to track a subset of the available remote branches
    after the initial setup for a remote.

    The named branches will be interpreted as if specified with the -t option on the git remote add command line.

    With --add, instead of replacing the list of currently tracked branches, adds to that list.

如果你想改变默认的“git pull”和“git fetch”只获取特定的分支，那么你可以编辑.git/config，使远程配置看起来像这样:

[remote "origin"]
  fetch = +refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master

默认情况下，这只会从原点获取master。 查看更多信息:https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-The-Refspec

编辑:刚刚意识到这和-t选项对git远程添加所做的事情是一样的。至少，如果你不想在远程添加后删除远程并使用-t再次添加远程，这是一个很好的方法。