我开始使用python，我尝试使用一个二维列表，我开始在每个地方都用相同的变量填充。我想到了这个:
def initialize_twodlist(foo):
twod_list = []
new = []
for i in range (0, 10):
for j in range (0, 10):
new.append(foo)
twod_list.append(new)
new = []
它给出了预期的结果，但感觉像是一种变通方法。有更简单/更短/更优雅的方法吗?
当前回答
添加维度的一般模式可以从这个系列中得出:
x = 0
mat1 = []
for i in range(3):
mat1.append(x)
x+=1
print(mat1)
x=0
mat2 = []
for i in range(3):
tmp = []
for j in range(4):
tmp.append(x)
x+=1
mat2.append(tmp)
print(mat2)
x=0
mat3 = []
for i in range(3):
tmp = []
for j in range(4):
tmp2 = []
for k in range(5):
tmp2.append(x)
x+=1
tmp.append(tmp2)
mat3.append(tmp)
print(mat3)
其他回答
Python中经常出现的一个模式是
bar = []
for item in some_iterable:
bar.append(SOME EXPRESSION)
这有助于推动列表推导式的引入，它将代码片段转换为
bar = [SOME_EXPRESSION for item in some_iterable]
这样更简短，有时也更清楚。通常，您会养成识别这些循环的习惯，并经常用推导式替换循环。
您的代码遵循此模式两次
twod_list = [] \
for i in range (0, 10): \
new = [] \ can be replaced } this too
for j in range (0, 10): } with a list /
new.append(foo) / comprehension /
twod_list.append(new) /
正如@Arnab和@Mike指出的，数组不是列表。不同之处在于:1)数组在初始化时是固定大小的;2)数组通常支持比列表更少的操作。
也许在大多数情况下有点多余，但这里有一个基本的2d数组实现，它利用python ctypes(c库)实现硬件数组。
import ctypes
class Array:
def __init__(self,size,foo): #foo is the initial value
self._size = size
ArrayType = ctypes.py_object * size
self._array = ArrayType()
for i in range(size):
self._array[i] = foo
def __getitem__(self,index):
return self._array[index]
def __setitem__(self,index,value):
self._array[index] = value
def __len__(self):
return self._size
class TwoDArray:
def __init__(self,columns,rows,foo):
self._2dArray = Array(rows,foo)
for i in range(rows):
self._2dArray[i] = Array(columns,foo)
def numRows(self):
return len(self._2dArray)
def numCols(self):
return len((self._2dArray)[0])
def __getitem__(self,indexTuple):
row = indexTuple[0]
col = indexTuple[1]
assert row >= 0 and row < self.numRows() \
and col >=0 and col < self.numCols(),\
"Array script out of range"
return ((self._2dArray)[row])[col]
if(__name__ == "__main__"):
twodArray = TwoDArray(4,5,5)#sample input
print(twodArray[2,3])
用最简单的思路来创建这个。
wtod_list = []
并添加尺寸:
wtod_list = [[0 for x in xrange(10)] for x in xrange(10)]
或者如果我们想先声明大小。我们只使用:
wtod_list = [[0 for x in xrange(10)] for x in xrange(10)]
你可以使用列表推导式:
x = [[foo for i in range(10)] for j in range(10)]
# x is now a 10x10 array of 'foo' (which can depend on i and j if you want)
初始化一个大小为m X n的二维矩阵，取值为0
m,n = map(int,input().split())
l = [[0 for i in range(m)] for j in range(n)]
print(l)
