我有一些东西在设置。py,我想能够从模板访问,但我不知道如何做到这一点。我已经试过了
{{CONSTANT_NAME}}
但这似乎并不奏效。这可能吗?
我有一些东西在设置。py,我想能够从模板访问,但我不知道如何做到这一点。我已经试过了
{{CONSTANT_NAME}}
但这似乎并不奏效。这可能吗?
当前回答
我喜欢Berislav的解决方案,因为在简单的网站上,它干净有效。我不喜欢的是随意地暴露所有的设置常数。所以我最后是这样做的:
from django import template
from django.conf import settings
register = template.Library()
ALLOWABLE_VALUES = ("CONSTANT_NAME_1", "CONSTANT_NAME_2",)
# settings value
@register.simple_tag
def settings_value(name):
if name in ALLOWABLE_VALUES:
return getattr(settings, name, '')
return ''
用法:
{% settings_value "CONSTANT_NAME_1" %}
This protects any constants that you have not named from use in the template, and if you wanted to get really fancy, you could set a tuple in the settings, and create more than one template tag for different pages, apps or areas, and simply combine a local tuple with the settings tuple as needed, then do the list comprehension to see if the value is acceptable. I agree, on a complex site, this is a bit simplistic, but there are values that would be nice to have universally in templates, and this seems to work nicely. Thanks to Berislav for the original idea!
其他回答
在Django 2.0+中添加了一个完整的创建自定义模板标签的答案
在你的app文件夹中,创建一个名为templatetags的文件夹。在其中,创建__init__.py和custom_tags.py:
在custom_tags.py中创建一个自定义标记函数,用于访问settings常量中的任意键:
from django import template
from django.conf import settings
register = template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def get_setting(name):
return getattr(settings, name, "")
要理解这段代码,我建议阅读Django文档中关于简单标记的部分。
然后,你需要在任何模板中加载这个文件,让Django知道这个(以及任何其他)自定义标记。就像你需要加载内置的静态标签一样:
{% load custom_tags %}
加载后,它可以像任何其他标签一样使用,只需提供您需要返回的特定设置。如果你有一个BUILD_VERSION变量在你的设置:
{% get_setting "BUILD_VERSION" %}
此解决方案不适用于数组,但如果需要,则可能需要在模板中放入太多逻辑。
注意:一个更清晰、更安全的解决方案可能是创建一个自定义上下文处理器,在其中添加所有模板可用的上下文所需的设置。这样可以降低在模板中错误地输出敏感设置的风险。
我稍微改进了chrisdew的答案(创建自己的标签)。
首先,创建文件yourapp/templatetags/value_from_settings.py,在其中定义你自己的新标签value_from_settings:
from django.template import TemplateSyntaxError, Variable, Node, Variable, Library
from yourapp import settings
register = Library()
# I found some tricks in URLNode and url from defaulttags.py:
# https://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/django/template/defaulttags.py
@register.tag
def value_from_settings(parser, token):
bits = token.split_contents()
if len(bits) < 2:
raise TemplateSyntaxError("'%s' takes at least one " \
"argument (settings constant to retrieve)" % bits[0])
settingsvar = bits[1]
settingsvar = settingsvar[1:-1] if settingsvar[0] == '"' else settingsvar
asvar = None
bits = bits[2:]
if len(bits) >= 2 and bits[-2] == 'as':
asvar = bits[-1]
bits = bits[:-2]
if len(bits):
raise TemplateSyntaxError("'value_from_settings' didn't recognise " \
"the arguments '%s'" % ", ".join(bits))
return ValueFromSettings(settingsvar, asvar)
class ValueFromSettings(Node):
def __init__(self, settingsvar, asvar):
self.arg = Variable(settingsvar)
self.asvar = asvar
def render(self, context):
ret_val = getattr(settings,str(self.arg))
if self.asvar:
context[self.asvar] = ret_val
return ''
else:
return ret_val
你可以通过以下方式在模板中使用这个标签:
{% load value_from_settings %}
[...]
{% value_from_settings "FQDN" %}
或通过
{% load value_from_settings %}
[...]
{% value_from_settings "FQDN" as my_fqdn %}
as的优点是…这使得它很容易通过一个简单的{{my_fqdn}}在blocktrans块中使用。
上面来自bchhun的例子很好,只是你需要从settings.py显式地构建上下文字典。下面是一个未经测试的示例,说明如何从settings.py的所有大写属性(re: "^[A-Z0-9_]+$")自动构建上下文字典。
在settings.py的末尾:
_context = {}
local_context = locals()
for (k,v) in local_context.items():
if re.search('^[A-Z0-9_]+$',k):
_context[k] = str(v)
def settings_context(context):
return _context
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
...
'myproject.settings.settings_context',
...
)
如果你希望每个请求和模板都有一个值,那么使用上下文处理器更合适。
方法如下:
Make a context_processors.py file in your app directory. Let's say I want to have the ADMIN_PREFIX_VALUE value in every context: from django.conf import settings # import the settings file def admin_media(request): # return the value you want as a dictionnary. you may add multiple values in there. return {'ADMIN_MEDIA_URL': settings.ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX} add your context processor to your settings.py file: TEMPLATES = [{ # whatever comes before 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ # whatever comes before "your_app.context_processors.admin_media", ], } }] Use RequestContext in your view to add your context processors in your template. The render shortcut does this automatically: from django.shortcuts import render def my_view(request): return render(request, "index.html") and finally, in your template: ... <a href="{{ ADMIN_MEDIA_URL }}">path to admin media</a> ...
将这段代码添加到名为context_processors.py的文件中:
from django.conf import settings as django_settings
def settings(request):
return {
'settings': django_settings,
}
然后,在你的设置文件中,包括一个路径,如'speed .core.base.context_processors。在TEMPLATES中的context_processors设置中的settings'(包含你的应用程序名称和路径)。
(例如,你可以看到settings/base.py和context_processors.py)。
然后可以在任何模板代码中使用特定的设置。例如:
{% if settings.SITE_ID == settings.SPEEDY_MATCH_SITE_ID %}
更新:上面的代码向模板公开了所有设置,包括敏感信息,如SECRET_KEY。黑客可能滥用此特性在模板中显示此类信息。如果你只想将特定的设置暴露给模板,请使用下面的代码:
def settings(request):
settings_in_templates = {}
for attr in ["SITE_ID", ...]: # Write here the settings you want to expose to the templates.
if (hasattr(django_settings, attr)):
settings_in_templates[attr] = getattr(django_settings, attr)
return {
'settings': settings_in_templates,
}