对于多个命令，是否有类似于pipefail的东西，比如'try'语句，但在bash中。我想这样做:
echo "trying stuff"
try {
command1
command2
command3
}
在任何时候，如果任何命令失败了，就退出并回显该命令的错误。我不想做这样的事情:
command1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "command1 borked it"
fi
command2
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "command2 borked it"
fi
等等……或者类似的事情:
pipefail -o
command1 "arg1" "arg2" | command2 "arg1" "arg2" | command3
因为我相信每个命令的参数(如果我错了请纠正我)会相互干扰。这两种方法对我来说似乎非常冗长和讨厌，所以我在这里呼吁一种更有效的方法。
当前回答
run() {
$*
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "$* failed with exit code $?"
return 1
else
return 0
fi
}
run command1 && run command2 && run command3
其他回答
假设
alias command1='grep a <<<abc'
alias command2='grep x <<<abc'
alias command3='grep c <<<abc'
要么
{ command1 1>/dev/null || { echo "cmd1 fail"; /bin/false; } } && echo "cmd1 succeed" &&
{ command2 1>/dev/null || { echo "cmd2 fail"; /bin/false; } } && echo "cmd2 succeed" &&
{ command3 1>/dev/null || { echo "cmd3 fail"; /bin/false; } } && echo "cmd3 succeed"
or
{ { command1 1>/dev/null && echo "cmd1 succeed"; } || { echo "cmd1 fail"; /bin/false; } } &&
{ { command2 1>/dev/null && echo "cmd2 succeed"; } || { echo "cmd2 fail"; /bin/false; } } &&
{ { command3 1>/dev/null && echo "cmd3 succeed"; } || { echo "cmd3 fail"; /bin/false; } }
收益率
cmd1 succeed
cmd2 fail
这是乏味的。但是可读性还不错。
当我使用ssh时，我需要在errexit (set -e)模式下区分由连接问题和远程命令的错误代码引起的问题。我使用以下函数:
# prepare environment on calling site:
rssh="ssh -o ConnectionTimeout=5 -l root $remote_ip"
function exit255 {
local flags=$-
set +e
"$@"
local status=$?
set -$flags
if [[ $status == 255 ]]
then
exit 255
else
return $status
fi
}
export -f exit255
# callee:
set -e
set -o pipefail
[[ $rssh ]]
[[ $remote_ip ]]
[[ $( type -t exit255 ) == "function" ]]
rjournaldir="/var/log/journal"
if exit255 $rssh "[[ ! -d '$rjournaldir/' ]]"
then
$rssh "mkdir '$rjournaldir/'"
fi
rconf="/etc/systemd/journald.conf"
if [[ $( $rssh "grep '#Storage=auto' '$rconf'" ) ]]
then
$rssh "sed -i 's/#Storage=auto/Storage=persistent/' '$rconf'"
fi
$rssh systemctl reenable systemd-journald.service
$rssh systemctl is-enabled systemd-journald.service
$rssh systemctl restart systemd-journald.service
sleep 1
$rssh systemctl status systemd-journald.service
$rssh systemctl is-active systemd-journald.service
您可以编写一个函数来启动和测试该命令。假设command1和command2是已设置为命令的环境变量。
function mytest {
"$@"
local status=$?
if (( status != 0 )); then
echo "error with $1" >&2
fi
return $status
}
mytest "$command1"
mytest "$command2"
不要创建runner函数或使用set -e，而是使用trap:
trap 'echo "error"; do_cleanup failed; exit' ERR
trap 'echo "received signal to stop"; do_cleanup interrupted; exit' SIGQUIT SIGTERM SIGINT
do_cleanup () { rm tempfile; echo "$1 $(date)" >> script_log; }
command1
command2
command3
该trap甚至可以访问触发它的命令的行号和命令行。变量为$BASH_LINENO和$BASH_COMMAND。
对不起，我不能对第一个答案发表评论 但是你应该使用新实例来执行命令:
#!/bin/bash
function check_exit {
cmd_output=$($@)
local status=$?
echo $status
if [ $status -ne 0 ]; then
echo "error with $1" >&2
fi
return $status
}
function run_command() {
exit 1
}
check_exit run_command
