如果你使用的是Java 8，你可以这样编码字节[]

MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
byte[] hash = digest.digest(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
String encoded = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(hash);

我认为最简单的解决方案是使用Apache Common Codec:

String sha256hex = org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils.sha256Hex(stringText);   

import java.security.MessageDigest;

public class CodeSnippets {

 public static String getSha256(String value) {
    try{
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
        md.update(value.getBytes());
        return bytesToHex(md.digest());
    } catch(Exception ex){
        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
    }
 }
 private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
    StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
    for (byte b : bytes) result.append(Integer.toString((b & 0xff) + 0x100, 16).substring(1));
    return result.toString();
 }
}

完整的例子哈希字符串作为另一个字符串。

public static String sha256(final String base) {
    try{
        final MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
        final byte[] hash = digest.digest(base.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        final StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < hash.length; i++) {
            final String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & hash[i]);
            if(hex.length() == 1) 
              hexString.append('0');
            hexString.append(hex);
        }
        return hexString.toString();
    } catch(Exception ex){
       throw new RuntimeException(ex);
    }
}

下面是一种将摘要转换为十六进制字符串的更有效的方法:

private static final char[] hexArray = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

public static String getSHA256(String data) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    try {
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
        md.update(data.getBytes());
        byte[] byteData = md.digest();
        sb.append(bytesToHex(byteData);
    } catch(Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
    char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
    for ( int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++ ) {
        int v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
        hexChars[j * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
        hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
    }
    return String.valueOf(hexChars);
}

有人知道Java中更快的方法吗?

在Java 8中

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;


Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String password = scanner.nextLine();
scanner.close();

MessageDigest digest = null;
try {
    digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}
byte[] hash = digest.digest(password.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
String encoded = DatatypeConverter.printHexBinary(hash);        
System.out.println(encoded.toLowerCase());