我想打印一个特定的Python字典键:

mydic = {}
mydic['key_name'] = 'value_name'

现在我可以检查mydic.has_key('key_name'),但我想做的是打印密钥'key_name'的名称。当然,我可以使用mydic.items(),但我不希望列出所有的键,而只是一个特定的键。例如,我期望这样的东西(在伪代码中):

print "the key name is", mydic['key_name'].name_the_key(), "and its value is", mydic['key_name']

是否有name_the_key()方法打印键名?


编辑: 好的,非常感谢大家的反应!:)我意识到我的问题没有很好地表达出来,而且很琐碎。我只是感到困惑,因为我意识到'key_name'和mydic['key_name']是两个不同的东西,我认为将'key_name'打印出字典上下文是不正确的。但实际上,我可以简单地使用“key_name”来引用键!:)


当前回答

我查阅了这个问题,因为我想知道如果我的字典只有一个条目,如何检索“键”的名称。在我的例子中,我不知道钥匙是什么,它可能是任何东西。以下是我想到的:

dict1 = {'random_word': [1,2,3]}
key_name = str([key for key in dict1]).strip("'[]'")        
print(key_name)  # equal to 'random_word', type: string.

其他回答

或者你可以这样做:

for key in my_dict:
     print key, my_dict[key]

由于我们都试图猜测“打印键名”可能意味着什么,所以我将尝试一下。也许您想要一个从字典中获取值并找到相应键的函数?反向查找?

def key_for_value(d, value):
    """Return a key in `d` having a value of `value`."""
    for k, v in d.iteritems():
        if v == value:
            return k

注意,许多键可能具有相同的值,因此该函数将返回具有相同值的某个键,可能不是您想要的值。

如果你需要经常这样做,构造反向字典是有意义的:

d_rev = dict(v,k for k,v in d.iteritems())

Python3更新:Python3 +不再支持d.t iteritems(),应由d.t iteritems()取代。

d_rev = {v: k for k, v in d.items()}

在Python 3中:

# A simple dictionary
x = {'X':"yes", 'Y':"no", 'Z':"ok"}

# To print a specific key (for example key at index 1)
print([key for key in x.keys()][1])

# To print a specific value (for example value at index 1)
print([value for value in x.values()][1])

# To print a pair of a key with its value (for example pair at index 2)
print(([key for key in x.keys()][2], [value for value in x.values()][2]))

# To print a key and a different value (for example key at index 0 and value at index 1)
print(([key for key in x.keys()][0], [value for value in x.values()][1]))

# To print all keys and values concatenated together
print(''.join(str(key) + '' + str(value) for key, value in x.items()))

# To print all keys and values separated by commas
print(', '.join(str(key) + ', ' + str(value) for key, value in x.items()))

# To print all pairs of (key, value) one at a time
for e in range(len(x)):
    print(([key for key in x.keys()][e], [value for value in x.values()][e]))

# To print all pairs (key, value) in a tuple
print(tuple(([key for key in x.keys()][i], [value for value in x.values()][i]) for i in range(len(x))))
dict = {'name' : 'Fred', 'age' : 100, 'employed' : True }

# Choose key to print (could be a user input)
x = 'name'

if x in dict.keys():
    print(x)

此外,您还可以使用....

print(dictionary.items()) #prints keys and values
print(dictionary.keys()) #prints keys
print(dictionary.values()) #prints values