pip install --upgrade `pip list --format=freeze | cut -d '=' -f 1`

pip-list--format=freeze包括pip和setuptools。pip冻结不会。

拉玛纳的回答对我来说是最好的，但我不得不补充几点：

import pip
for dist in pip.get_installed_distributions():
    if 'site-packages' in dist.location:
        try:
            pip.call_subprocess(['pip', 'install', '-U', dist.key])
        except Exception, exc:
            print exc

站点包检查排除了我的开发包，因为它们不在系统站点包目录中。try-except只是跳过已从PyPI中删除的包。

对于endolith：我也希望有一个简单的pip.install（dist.key，upgrade=True），但它看起来不像是要让命令行以外的任何东西使用pip（文档没有提到内部API，pip开发人员也没有使用docstring）。

python -c 'import pip; [pip.main(["install", "--upgrade", d.project_name]) for d in pip.get_installed_distributions()]'

一行！

以下Windows cmd代码段执行以下操作：

将pip升级到最新版本。升级所有过时的软件包。对于正在升级的每个包，检查requirements.txt中的任何版本说明符。

@echo off
Setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2720014/

echo Upgrading pip...
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
echo.

echo Upgrading packages...
set upgrade_count=0
pip list --outdated > pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
for /F "skip=2 tokens=1,3 delims= " %%i in (pip-upgrade-outdated.txt) do (
    echo ^>%%i
    set package=%%i
    set latest=%%j
    set requirements=!package!

    rem for each outdated package check for any version requirements:
    set dotest=1
    for /F %%r in (.\python\requirements.txt) do (
        if !dotest!==1 (
            call :substr "%%r" !package! _substr
            rem check if a given line refers to a package we are about to upgrade:
            if "%%r" NEQ !_substr! (
                rem check if the line contains more than just a package name:
                if "%%r" NEQ "!package!" (
                    rem set requirements to the contents of the line:
                    echo requirements: %%r, latest: !latest!
                    set requirements=%%r
                )
                rem stop testing after the first instance found,
                rem prevents from mistakenly matching "py" with "pylint", "numpy" etc.
                rem requirements.txt must be structured with shorter names going first
                set dotest=0
            )
        )
    )
    rem pip install !requirements!
    pip install --upgrade !requirements!
    set /a "upgrade_count+=1"
    echo.
)

if !upgrade_count!==0 (
    echo All packages are up to date.
) else (
    type pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
)

if "%1" neq "-silent" (
    echo.
    set /p temp="> Press Enter to exit..."
)
exit /b


:substr
rem string substition done in a separate subroutine -
rem allows expand both variables in the substring syntax.
rem replaces str_search with an empty string.
rem returns the result in the 3rd parameter, passed by reference from the caller.
set str_source=%1
set str_search=%2
set str_result=!str_source:%str_search%=!
set "%~3=!str_result!"
rem echo !str_source!, !str_search!, !str_result!
exit /b

以下一行可能会有所帮助：

（点数>20.00）

pip list--格式冻结--过时|sed的/=.*//g'| xargs-n1 pip install-U

旧版本：pip list--格式冻结--过时|sed的/（.*//g'| xargs-n1 pip install-U

如果发生错误，xargs-n1将继续运行。

如果您需要对省略的内容和引发错误的内容进行更多的“细粒度”控制，则不应添加-n1标志并明确定义要忽略的错误，方法是为每个单独的错误“管道化”以下行：

|sed的/^<错误的第一个字符>.*//'

下面是一个工作示例：

pip list --format freeze --outdated | sed 's/=.*//g' | sed 's/^<First characters of the first error>.*//' | sed 's/^<First characters of the second error>.*//' | xargs pip install -U

如果您安装了pip＜22.3，则使用纯Bash/Z外壳一个衬垫实现：

for p in $(pip list -o --format freeze); do pip install -U ${p%%=*}; done

或者，以一种格式良好的方式：

for p in $(pip list -o --format freeze)
do
    pip install -U ${p%%=*}
done

在这之后，您将得到pip>=22.3，其中-o和--format冻结是互斥的，您不能再使用这一行。