简单易懂：

在Python中，切片符号a[start:stop:step]可以用于从序列中选择一系列元素（例如列表、元组或字符串）。

起始索引是包括在切片中的第一个元素，

停止索引是从切片中排除的第一个元素，也是最后一个元素

步长值是切片元素之间的索引数。

例如，考虑以下列表：

a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

如果要选择a的所有元素，可以使用切片符号a[：]：

>>> a[:]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

如果我们想选择a的所有元素，但跳过其他元素，我们可以使用切片符号a[：：2]：

>>> a[::2]
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]

如果我们想选择从第三个元素（索引2）到第七个元素（索引号6）的所有元素，我们可以使用切片符号a[2:7]：

>>> a[2:7]
[2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

如果我们想选择从第三个元素（索引2）到第七个元素（索引号6）的所有元素，但跳过其他元素，我们可以使用切片符号a[2:7:2]：

>>> a[2:7:2]
[2, 4, 6]

如果我们想选择从第三个元素（索引2）到列表末尾的所有元素，我们可以使用切片符号a[2:]：

>>> a[2:]
[2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

如果我们想选择从列表开头到第七个元素（索引6）的所有元素，我们可以使用切片符号a[：7]：

>>> a[:7]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

如果您想了解有关切片表示法的更多信息，可以参考Python官方文档：链接1链接2

使用一点后，我意识到最简单的描述是它与for循环中的参数完全相同。。。

(from:to:step)

其中任何一项都是可选的：

(:to:step)
(from::step)
(from:to)

然后，负索引只需要将字符串的长度添加到负索引中即可理解它。

不管怎样，这对我来说都很有效。。。

我自己使用“元素之间的索引点”方法来思考它，但描述它的一种方式有时有助于其他人获得它：

mylist[X:Y]

X是所需的第一个元素的索引。Y是不需要的第一个元素的索引。

#!/usr/bin/env python

def slicegraphical(s, lista):

    if len(s) > 9:
        print """Enter a string of maximum 9 characters,
    so the printig would looki nice"""
        return 0;
    # print " ",
    print '  '+'+---' * len(s) +'+'
    print ' ',
    for letter in s:
        print '| {}'.format(letter),
    print '|'
    print " ",; print '+---' * len(s) +'+'

    print " ",
    for letter in range(len(s) +1):
        print '{}  '.format(letter),
    print ""
    for letter in range(-1*(len(s)), 0):
        print ' {}'.format(letter),
    print ''
    print ''


    for triada in lista:
        if len(triada) == 3:
            if triada[0]==None and triada[1] == None and triada[2] == None:
                # 000
                print s+'[   :   :   ]' +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] == None and triada[1] == None and triada[2] != None:
                # 001
                print s+'[   :   :{0:2d} ]'.format(triada[2], '','') +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] == None and triada[1] != None and triada[2] == None:
                # 010
                print s+'[   :{0:2d} :   ]'.format(triada[1]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] == None and triada[1] != None and triada[2] != None:
                # 011
                print s+'[   :{0:2d} :{1:2d} ]'.format(triada[1], triada[2]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] == None and triada[2] == None:
                # 100
                print s+'[{0:2d} :   :   ]'.format(triada[0]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] == None and triada[2] != None:
                # 101
                print s+'[{0:2d} :   :{1:2d} ]'.format(triada[0], triada[2]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] != None and triada[2] == None:
                # 110
                print s+'[{0:2d} :{1:2d} :   ]'.format(triada[0], triada[1]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] != None and triada[2] != None:
                # 111
                print s+'[{0:2d} :{1:2d} :{2:2d} ]'.format(triada[0], triada[1], triada[2]) +' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]:triada[2]]

        elif len(triada) == 2:
            if triada[0] == None and triada[1] == None:
                # 00
                print s+'[   :   ]    ' + ' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]]
            elif triada[0] == None and triada[1] != None:
                # 01
                print s+'[   :{0:2d} ]    '.format(triada[1]) + ' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] == None:
                # 10
                print s+'[{0:2d} :   ]    '.format(triada[0]) + ' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]]
            elif triada[0] != None and triada[1] != None:
                # 11
                print s+'[{0:2d} :{1:2d} ]    '.format(triada[0],triada[1]) + ' = ', s[triada[0]:triada[1]]

        elif len(triada) == 1:
            print s+'[{0:2d} ]        '.format(triada[0]) + ' = ', s[triada[0]]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Change "s" to what ever string you like, make it 9 characters for
    # better representation.
    s = 'COMPUTERS'

    # add to this list different lists to experement with indexes
    # to represent ex. s[::], use s[None, None,None], otherwise you get an error
    # for s[2:] use s[2:None]

    lista = [[4,7],[2,5,2],[-5,1,-1],[4],[-4,-6,-1], [2,-3,1],[2,-3,-1], [None,None,-1],[-5,None],[-5,0,-1],[-5,None,-1],[-1,1,-2]]

    slicegraphical(s, lista)

你可以运行这个脚本并进行实验，下面是我从脚本中获得的一些示例。

  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
  | C | O | M | P | U | T | E | R | S |
  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   
 -9  -8  -7  -6  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1 

COMPUTERS[ 4 : 7 ]     =  UTE
COMPUTERS[ 2 : 5 : 2 ] =  MU
COMPUTERS[-5 : 1 :-1 ] =  UPM
COMPUTERS[ 4 ]         =  U
COMPUTERS[-4 :-6 :-1 ] =  TU
COMPUTERS[ 2 :-3 : 1 ] =  MPUT
COMPUTERS[ 2 :-3 :-1 ] =  
COMPUTERS[   :   :-1 ] =  SRETUPMOC
COMPUTERS[-5 :   ]     =  UTERS
COMPUTERS[-5 : 0 :-1 ] =  UPMO
COMPUTERS[-5 :   :-1 ] =  UPMOC
COMPUTERS[-1 : 1 :-2 ] =  SEUM
[Finished in 0.9s]

当使用否定步骤时，请注意答案向右移动1。

当我第一次看到切片语法时，有一些事情不是很明显：

>>> x = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> x[::-1]
[6,5,4,3,2,1]

反转顺序的简单方法！

如果出于某种原因，您希望以相反的顺序进行每一项：

>>> x = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> x[::-2]
[6,4,2]

枚举序列x语法允许的可能性：

>>> x[:]                # [x[0],   x[1],          ..., x[-1]    ]
>>> x[low:]             # [x[low], x[low+1],      ..., x[-1]    ]
>>> x[:high]            # [x[0],   x[1],          ..., x[high-1]]
>>> x[low:high]         # [x[low], x[low+1],      ..., x[high-1]]
>>> x[::stride]         # [x[0],   x[stride],     ..., x[-1]    ]
>>> x[low::stride]      # [x[low], x[low+stride], ..., x[-1]    ]
>>> x[:high:stride]     # [x[0],   x[stride],     ..., x[high-1]]
>>> x[low:high:stride]  # [x[low], x[low+stride], ..., x[high-1]]

当然，如果（高低）%步幅！=0，则终点将略低于高1。

如果步幅为负，则由于我们正在倒计时，顺序会有点改变：

>>> x[::-stride]        # [x[-1],   x[-1-stride],   ..., x[0]    ]
>>> x[high::-stride]    # [x[high], x[high-stride], ..., x[0]    ]
>>> x[:low:-stride]     # [x[-1],   x[-1-stride],   ..., x[low+1]]
>>> x[high:low:-stride] # [x[high], x[high-stride], ..., x[low+1]]

扩展切片（带逗号和省略号）通常仅用于特殊数据结构（如NumPy）；基本序列不支持它们。

>>> class slicee:
...     def __getitem__(self, item):
...         return repr(item)
...
>>> slicee()[0, 1:2, ::5, ...]
'(0, slice(1, 2, None), slice(None, None, 5), Ellipsis)'