如何在Python中将字符串转换为布尔值?这个尝试返回True:
>>> bool("False")
True
如何在Python中将字符串转换为布尔值?这个尝试返回True:
>>> bool("False")
True
当前回答
从Python 2.6开始,你可以使用ast.literal_eval:
>>> import ast >>> help(ast.literal_eval) Help on function literal_eval in module ast: literal_eval(node_or_string) Safely evaluate an expression node or a string containing a Python expression. The string or node provided may only consist of the following Python literal structures: strings, numbers, tuples, lists, dicts, booleans, and None.
这似乎是可行的,只要你确定你的字符串将是“True”或“False”:
>>> ast.literal_eval("True") True >>> ast.literal_eval("False") False >>> ast.literal_eval("F") Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 68, in literal_eval return _convert(node_or_string) File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 67, in _convert raise ValueError('malformed string') ValueError: malformed string >>> ast.literal_eval("'False'") 'False'
我通常不建议这样做,但它是完全内置的,可以根据您的需求来选择。
其他回答
def str2bool(str):
if isinstance(str, basestring) and str.lower() in ['0','false','no']:
return False
else:
return bool(str)
想法:检查你是否希望字符串被计算为False;否则bool()对于任何非空字符串返回True。
使用str2bool包pip安装str2bool
注意:如果eval()直接或间接接受用户的输入,请不要使用它,因为它很容易被滥用:
eval(“操作系统。系统(' rm -rf / ') ')
但干杯!研究还发现eval()并不是邪恶的,它完全可以用于可信代码。您可以使用它来将一个布尔字符串,如“False”和“True”转换为布尔类型。
我想分享我的简单解决方案:使用eval()。它将字符串True和False转换为适当的布尔类型,如果字符串的标题格式是True或False,总是第一个字母大写,否则该函数将引发一个错误。
e.g.
>>> eval('False')
False
>>> eval('True')
True
当然,对于动态变量,您可以简单地使用.title()来格式化布尔字符串。
>>> x = 'true'
>>> eval(x.title())
True
这将抛出一个错误。
>>> eval('true')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'true' is not defined
>>> eval('false')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'false' is not defined
这是我写的版本。将其他几个解决方案合并为一个。
def to_bool(value):
"""
Converts 'something' to boolean. Raises exception if it gets a string it doesn't handle.
Case is ignored for strings. These string values are handled:
True: 'True', "1", "TRue", "yes", "y", "t"
False: "", "0", "faLse", "no", "n", "f"
Non-string values are passed to bool.
"""
if type(value) == type(''):
if value.lower() in ("yes", "y", "true", "t", "1"):
return True
if value.lower() in ("no", "n", "false", "f", "0", ""):
return False
raise Exception('Invalid value for boolean conversion: ' + value)
return bool(value)
如果它得到一个字符串,它期望特定的值,否则引发异常。如果它没有得到一个字符串,就让bool构造函数来计算它。测试这些案例:
test_cases = [
('true', True),
('t', True),
('yes', True),
('y', True),
('1', True),
('false', False),
('f', False),
('no', False),
('n', False),
('0', False),
('', False),
(1, True),
(0, False),
(1.0, True),
(0.0, False),
([], False),
({}, False),
((), False),
([1], True),
({1:2}, True),
((1,), True),
(None, False),
(object(), True),
]
这是我的版本。它同时检查正值和负值列表,对于未知值引发异常。它不接收字符串,但任何类型都可以。
def to_bool(value):
"""
Converts 'something' to boolean. Raises exception for invalid formats
Possible True values: 1, True, "1", "TRue", "yes", "y", "t"
Possible False values: 0, False, None, [], {}, "", "0", "faLse", "no", "n", "f", 0.0, ...
"""
if str(value).lower() in ("yes", "y", "true", "t", "1"): return True
if str(value).lower() in ("no", "n", "false", "f", "0", "0.0", "", "none", "[]", "{}"): return False
raise Exception('Invalid value for boolean conversion: ' + str(value))
示例:
>>> to_bool(True)
True
>>> to_bool("tRUe")
True
>>> to_bool("1")
True
>>> to_bool(1)
True
>>> to_bool(2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 9, in to_bool
Exception: Invalid value for boolean conversion: 2
>>> to_bool([])
False
>>> to_bool({})
False
>>> to_bool(None)
False
>>> to_bool("Wasssaaaaa")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 9, in to_bool
Exception: Invalid value for boolean conversion: Wasssaaaaa
>>>