用最简单的话来说:

——soft:取消提交更改，更改是阶段性的(index)。 ——mixed(默认):uncommit + unstage变更，变更留在工作树中。 ——难:uncommit + unstage + delete changes，什么都不剩。

你不必强迫自己记住它们之间的区别。想想你是如何做出承诺的。

做一些改变。 Git添加。 git commit -m“我做了某事”

软，混合和硬是一种让你放弃从3到1的操作的方法。

柔软的“假装”从未见过你有没有犯过错。 混“假装”从来没见过你有没有git加。 硬“假装”从来没有看到你做了文件更改。

-混合vs -软vs -硬:

--mixed:

   Delete changes from the local repository and staging area.

   It won't touch the working directory.

   Possible to revert back changes by using the following commands.

     - git add

     - git commit

   Working tree won't be clean.

--soft:

    Deleted changes only from the local repository.

    It won't touch the staging area and working directory.

    Possible to revert back changes by using the following command.

     - git commit.

    Working tree won't be clean

--hard:

    Deleted changes from everywhere.

    Not possible to revert changes.

    The working tree will be clean.

注意:如果提交被确认到本地存储库并放弃这些提交，我们可以使用:

 `git reset command`.

但是如果提交被确认到远程存储库，那么不建议使用reset命令，我们必须使用revert命令来丢弃远程提交。

用最简单的话来说:

——soft:取消提交更改，更改是阶段性的(index)。 ——mixed(默认):uncommit + unstage变更，变更留在工作树中。 ——难:uncommit + unstage + delete changes，什么都不剩。

I’m not a git expert and just arrived on this forum to understand it! Thus maybe my explanation is not perfect, sorry for that. I found all the other answer helpful and I will just try to give another perspective. I will modify a bit the question since I guess that it was maybe the intent of the author: “I’m new to git. Before using git, I was renaming my files like this: main.c, main_1.c, main_2.c when i was performing majors changes in order to be able to go back in case of trouble. Thus, if I decided to come back to main_1.c, it was easy and I also keep main_2.c and main_3.c since I could also need them later. How can I easily do the same thing using git?” For my answer, I mainly use the “regret number three” of the great answer of Matt above because I also think that the initial question is about “what do I do if I have regret when using git?”. At the beginning, the situation is like that:

a b c d(主)

第一个要点是创建一个新分支:git分支mynewbranch。然后一个得到:

(master和mynewbranch)

让我们假设现在有人想要回到A(前3次提交)。第二个要点是使用git reset命令——即使人们可以在网上读到这是危险的，也很难。是的，这很危险，但仅适用于未提交的更改。因此，这样做的方法是:

Git重置——commita的硬数字

or

Git复位-硬主~3

那么就得到: A (master) - B - C - D (mynewbranch)

Then, it’s possible to continue working and commit from A (master) but still can get an easy access to the other versions by checking out on the other branch: git checkout mynewbranch. Now, let’s imagine that one forgot to create a new branch before the command git reset --hard. Is the commit B, C, D are lost? No, but there are not stored in any branches. To find them again, one may use the command : git reflog that is consider as “a safety command”( “in case of trouble, keep calm and use git reflog”). This command will list all commits even those that not belong to any branches. Thus, it’s a convenient way to find the commit B, C or D.

mkarasek的回答很好，简单来说，我们可以说……

git reset——soft:将HEAD设置为预期的提交，但保持从上次提交开始的更改 Git重置-混合:它和Git重置一样-软，但唯一的区别是它从上次提交中UN stage你的更改 git reset——hard:在你指定的提交上设置HEAD，并重置你从上次提交的所有更改，包括未提交的更改。

——soft和——mixed有点相似，唯一的区别是，如果你想在暂存区中保留你的更改，使用——soft，如果你不想在暂存区中更改，使用——mixed。