如何使JavaScript页面加载后执行?

我正在执行一个外部脚本，使用<脚本>内<头>。

现在，由于脚本在页面加载之前执行，我不能访问<body>等。我想在文档被“加载”(HTML完全下载并在ram中)后执行一些JavaScript。是否有任何事件，我可以挂钩到当我的脚本执行，这将在页面加载触发?

当前回答

比较

在下面的片段中，我收集选择的方法并显示它们的序列。讲话

the document.onload (X) is not supported by any modern browser (event is never fired) if you use <body onload="bodyOnLoad()"> (F) and at the same time window.onload (E) then only first one will be executed (because it override second one) event handler given in <body onload="..."> (F) is wrapped by additional onload function document.onreadystatechange (D) not override document .addEventListener('readystatechange'...) (C) probably cecasue onXYZevent-like methods are independent than addEventListener queues (which allows add multiple listeners). Probably nothing happens between execution this two handlers. all scripts write their timestamp in console - but scripts which also have access to div write their timestamps also in body (click "Full Page" link after script execution to see it). solutions readystatechange (C,D) are executed multiple times by browser but for different document states: loading - the document is loading (no fired in snippet) interactive - the document is parsed, fired before DOMContentLoaded complete - the document and resources are loaded, fired before body/window onload

<html> <head> <script> // solution A console.log(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] A: Head script`); // solution B document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] B: DOMContentLoaded`); }); // solution C document.addEventListener('readystatechange', () => { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] C: ReadyState: ${document.readyState}`); }); // solution D document.onreadystatechange = s=> {print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] D: document.onreadystatechange ReadyState: ${document.readyState}`)}; // solution E (never executed) window.onload = () => { print(`E: <body onload="..."> override this handler`); }; // solution F function bodyOnLoad() { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] F: <body onload='...'>`); infoAboutOnLoad(); // additional info } // solution X document.onload = () => {print(`document.onload is never fired`)}; // HELPERS function print(txt) { console.log(txt); if(mydiv) mydiv.innerHTML += txt.replace('<','<').replace('>','>') + '<br>'; } function infoAboutOnLoad() { console.log("window.onload (after override):", (''+document.body.onload).replace(/\s+/g,' ')); console.log(`body.onload==window.onload --> ${document.body.onload==window.onload}`); } console.log("window.onload (before override):", (''+document.body.onload).replace(/\s+/g,' ')); </script> </head> <body onload="bodyOnLoad()"> <div id="mydiv"></div>  <script> // solution G print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] G: <body> bottom script`); </script> </body> </html>

2020-06-17 17:59:38

其他回答

我建议使用asnyc属性的脚本标签，这有助于你加载页面加载后的外部脚本

<script type="text/javascript" src="a.js" async></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="b.js" async></script>

2015-03-30 05:43:37

这是一个基于延迟js加载的脚本，在页面加载后，

<script type="text/javascript">
  function downloadJSAtOnload() {
      var element = document.createElement("script");
      element.src = "deferredfunctions.js";
      document.body.appendChild(element);
  }

  if (window.addEventListener)
      window.addEventListener("load", downloadJSAtOnload, false);
  else if (window.attachEvent)
      window.attachEvent("onload", downloadJSAtOnload);
  else window.onload = downloadJSAtOnload;
</script>

我该把它放在哪里?

将代码粘贴到</body>标记之前(靠近HTML文件的底部)。

它能做什么?

此代码表示等待整个文档加载，然后加载外部文件deferredfunctions.js。

这是上面代码的一个例子- JS的延迟渲染

我写这个基于延迟加载javascript页面速度谷歌的概念，也从这篇文章延迟加载javascript

2013-02-05 12:40:15

看钩文件。jQuery $(document).load(…)

2009-04-30 16:40:17

如果脚本是在文档的<head>中加载的，那么可以在script标记中使用defer属性。

例子:

<script src="demo_defer.js" defer></script>

从https://developer.mozilla.org:

推迟此布尔属性被设置为向浏览器指示脚本意味着在解析文档之后执行，但在解析之前发射DOMContentLoaded。内如果src 属性不存在(即对于内联脚本)，在这种情况下它会没有效果。为实现动态插入脚本使用的类似效果异步= false。具有defer属性的脚本将在它们在文档中出现的顺序。

2014-01-10 08:52:41

我发现有时在更复杂的页面上，并不是所有的元素都在时间窗口加载。Onload被触发。如果是这种情况，在函数延迟片刻之前添加setTimeout。它不是优雅的，但它是一个简单的hack渲染良好。

window.onload = function(){ doSomethingCool(); };

变得……

window.onload = function(){ setTimeout( function(){ doSomethingCool(); }, 1000); };

2013-07-20 21:13:54

如何使JavaScript页面加载后执行?

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