在JavaScript中是否有一种方法来检查字符串是否是URL?
regex被排除在外,因为URL很可能写成stackoverflow;也就是说,它可能没有。com, WWW或http。
在JavaScript中是否有一种方法来检查字符串是否是URL?
regex被排除在外,因为URL很可能写成stackoverflow;也就是说,它可能没有。com, WWW或http。
当前回答
使用纯正则表达式很难做到这一点,因为url有很多“不方便”的地方。
For example domain names have complicated restrictions on hyphens: a. It is allowed to have many consecutive hyphens in the middle. b. but the first character and last character of the domain name cannot be a hyphen c. The 3rd and 4th character cannot be both hyphen Similarly port number can only be in the range 1-65535. This is easy to check if you extract the port part and convert to int but quite difficult to check with a regular expression. There is also no easy way to check valid domain extensions. Some countries have second-level domains(such as 'co.uk'), or the extension can be a long word such as '.international'. And new TLDs are added regularly. This type of things can only be checked against a hard-coded list. (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-level_domain) Then there are magnet urls, ftp addresses etc. These all have different requirements.
然而,这里有一个函数可以处理几乎所有的事情,除了:
案例1。c 接受任何1-5位数的端口号 接受任何扩展2-13个字符 不接受ftp,磁铁等…
function isValidURL(input) { pattern = '^(https?:\\/\\/)?' + // protocol '((([a-zA-Z\\d]([a-zA-Z\\d-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z\\d])*\\.)+' + // sub-domain + domain name '[a-zA-Z]{2,13})' + // extension '|((\\d{1,3}\\.){3}\\d{1,3})' + // OR ip (v4) address '|localhost)' + // OR localhost '(\\:\\d{1,5})?' + // port '(\\/[a-zA-Z\\&\\d%_.~+-:@]*)*' + // path '(\\?[a-zA-Z\\&\\d%_.,~+-:@=;&]*)?' + // query string '(\\#[-a-zA-Z&\\d_]*)?$'; // fragment locator regex = new RegExp(pattern); return regex.test(input); } let tests = []; tests.push(['', false]); tests.push(['http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procter_&_Gamble', true]); tests.push(['https://sdfasd', false]); tests.push(['http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&docid=nIv5rk2GyP3hXM&tbnid=isiOkMe3nCtexM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fanimalcrossing.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FLion&ei=ygZXU_2fGKbMsQTf4YLgAQ&bvm=bv.65177938,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNEpBfKnal9kU7Zu4n7RnEt2nerN4g&ust=1398298682009707', true]); tests.push(['https://stackoverflow.com/', true]); tests.push(['https://w', false]); tests.push(['aaa', false]); tests.push(['aaaa', false]); tests.push(['oh.my', true]); tests.push(['dfdsfdsfdfdsfsdfs', false]); tests.push(['google.co.uk', true]); tests.push(['test-domain.MUSEUM', true]); tests.push(['-hyphen-start.gov.tr', false]); tests.push(['hyphen-end-.com', false]); tests.push(['https://sdfasdp.international', true]); tests.push(['https://sdfasdp.pppppppp', false]); tests.push(['https://sdfasdp.ppppppppppppppppppp', false]); tests.push(['https://sdfasd', false]); tests.push(['https://sub1.1234.sub3.sub4.sub5.co.uk/?', true]); tests.push(['http://www.google-com.123', false]); tests.push(['http://my--testdomain.com', false]); tests.push(['http://my2nd--testdomain.com', true]); tests.push(['http://thingiverse.com/download:1894343', true]); tests.push(['https://medium.com/@techytimo', true]); tests.push(['http://localhost', true]); tests.push(['localhost', true]); tests.push(['localhost:8080', true]); tests.push(['localhost:65536', true]); tests.push(['localhost:80000', false]); tests.push(['magnet:?xt=urn:btih:123', true]); for (let i = 0; i < tests.length; i++) { console.log('Test #' + i + (isValidURL(tests[i][0]) == tests[i][1] ? ' passed' : ' failed') + ' on ["' + tests[i][0] + '", ' + tests[i][1] + ']'); }
其他回答
我不能评论最接近#5717133的帖子,但下面是我想出如何让@tom-gullen正则表达式工作的方法。
/^(https?:\/\/)?((([a-z\d]([a-z\d-]*[a-z\d])*)\.)+[a-z]{2,}|((\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}))(\:\d+)?(\/[-a-z\d%_.~+]*)*(\?[;&a-z\d%_.~+=-]*)?(\#[-a-z\d_]*)?$/i
(我没有代表对ValidURL的例子发表评论;因此,把这个作为一个答案。)
虽然不鼓励使用协议相对URL(协议相对URL),但有时确实会使用它们。要用正则表达式验证这样的URL,协议部分可以是可选的,例如:
function isValidURL(str) {
var pattern = new RegExp('^((https?:)?\\/\\/)?'+ // protocol
'(?:\\S+(?::\\S*)?@)?' + // authentication
'((([a-z\\d]([a-z\\d-]*[a-z\\d])*)\\.)+[a-z]{2,}|'+ // domain name
'((\\d{1,3}\\.){3}\\d{1,3}))'+ // OR ip (v4) address
'(\\:\\d+)?(\\/[-a-z\\d%_.~+]*)*'+ // port and path
'(\\?[;&a-z\\d%_.~+=-]*)?'+ // query string
'(\\#[-a-z\\d_]*)?$','i'); // fragment locater
if (!pattern.test(str)) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
正如其他人指出的那样,正则表达式似乎不是验证url的最佳方法。
这是@palvo的答案的扩展。
function isValidHttpUrl(string) {
let url;
try {
url = new URL(string);
} catch (_) {
return false;
}
return (url.protocol === "http:" || url.protocol === "https:") && (url.href == string || url.origin == string);
}
试试以下方法:-
isValidHttpUrl(“https:母羊/ dsdsd”); isValidHttpUrl(“https://ewe/dsdsd”);
Chrome测试
对已接受答案的改进…
Check for ftp/ftps as protocol Has double escaping for backslashes (\\) Ensures that domains have a dot and an extension (.com .io .xyz) Allows full colon (:) in the path e.g. http://thingiverse.com/download:1894343 Allows ampersand (&) in path e.g http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procter_&_Gamble Allows @ symbol in path e.g. https://medium.com/@techytimo isURL(str) { var pattern = new RegExp('^((ft|htt)ps?:\\/\\/)?'+ // protocol '((([a-z\\d]([a-z\\d-]*[a-z\\d])*)\\.)+[a-z]{2,}|'+ // domain name and extension '((\\d{1,3}\\.){3}\\d{1,3}))'+ // OR ip (v4) address '(\\:\\d+)?'+ // port '(\\/[-a-z\\d%@_.~+&:]*)*'+ // path '(\\?[;&a-z\\d%@_.,~+&:=-]*)?'+ // query string '(\\#[-a-z\\d_]*)?$','i'); // fragment locator return pattern.test(str); }
这里还有另一种方法。
// ***note***: if the incoming value is empty(""), the function returns true var elm; function isValidURL(u){ //A precaution/solution for the problem written in the ***note*** if(u!==""){ if(!elm){ elm = document.createElement('input'); elm.setAttribute('type', 'url'); } elm.value = u; return elm.validity.valid; } else{ return false } } console.log(isValidURL('')); console.log(isValidURL('http://www.google.com/')); console.log(isValidURL('//google.com')); console.log(isValidURL('google.com')); console.log(isValidURL('localhost:8000'));